Lipalesa tsa phaene

Morekisi, kapaSwirlfish (Monótropa) ke mofuta oa limela tsa nakoana tsa "saprophytic", litlama tse senang chlorophyllic tsa lelapa la Heather. Limela tsa mofuta ona li atile libakeng tse nang le moea o batang le o batang Leboea Leboea, boholo ba tsona ke meru e tlokomang.

Emerald tloaelehileng (Monotropa hypopitys)

Mofuta o na le mefuta e 'meli, e' ngoe ea eona e fumanoang Russia.

Mofuta oa Podielnik pele o ne o kenyelitsoe lelapeng la Monotropaceae Nutt. (Vertlianytsyevye, kapa Podzhelnikovye), empa hamorao boemo ba podzhelnikovy bo ile ba fokotsoa hore e be subfamily (Monotropoideae) e le karolo ea lelapa la Heather (Ericaceae) Joale subfamily ena e kenyeletsa merabe e meraro, ho kenyeletsa le leloko la Vertlyanicevye, kapa Podielnikovy (Monotropeae) ka genera e ka bang robeli, har'a tsona e le Allotropa, Monotropisis le Podelnik.

Meteo oa Witch oa lipalesa Monolithic Monotropa uniflora. USA, Washington, San Juan Islands, Sehlekehleke sa Orcas

Syndrome e amanang le lebitso la mahlale ke Hypopitys Hill (1756).

Lebitso la mahlale la setso -Monotropa - e ka fetoleloa e le "lehlakore le le leng" (li-monos tsa Greek - "e mong", tropos - "phetoho"). Lebitso lena le fanoa ka lebaka la tšobotsi e le 'ngoe ea mofuta oa inflorescence ea mofuta.Hypotitys tsa Monotropaseo se hola Europe. Lebitso la Serussia "pododelnik" ke phetolelo ea mofuta oa epithet ea mefuta e tšoanang (Greek hypo - "under", pitys - "spruce").

Mabitso a setso sa Russia - podoelnitsa (pododelnitsa), joang ba ural.

Mabitso a bong ba Senyesemane -Phala ea India ("Nope ea Maamerika a Mahlanya" - ka lebaka la ho tšoana hoa limela le lipeipi tsa India),Semela sa Ghost ("semela sa moea", "palesa ea linoko" - ka lebaka la 'mala o mosoeu),Semela sa setopo ("palesa ea" cadaveric ").

Lebitso la Mofinnishe la mofuta,Mäntykukat, ka tsela e fetoletsoeng e bolela "lipalesa tsa phaene", le Seestonia,lill-lill, - "li-mushroom tsa lipalesa", tse tšoanang le li-mushroom tsa meru ea cap.

Emerald tloaelehileng (Monotropa hypopitys)

Baemeli ba mofuta oa limela ke limela tsa limela tsa limela tsa herbaceous tse se nang chlorophyll ka botlalo. Colouring - e tšoeu kapa e 'mala oa lamunu (ka linako tse ling e le' mala o mopinki kapa o mofubelu), e tšoana le bakoang, makhasi le lipalesa; semela sohle se bonahala se entsoe ka boka ka boka. Emerald e tloaelehile ka har'a meru e moriti e nang le mefuta e fapaneng - boholo ba eona e na le lintho tse ngata empa e fumaneha le merung e tsoakaneng (ka mohlala, merung ea oak). E hola ka litšila tsa morung - hangata hangata e le mothating oa li-conifers.

Leraba lero, le bolelele ho tloha ho 5 ho isa ho 25 cm, le bophara ba cm 0.5.

Makhasi alternate, nama, scaly, ovate-oblong, e ka bang 1.5 cm ka bolelele.

Lipalesa kamehla, ho fihlela 1.5 cm, bolelee bo bolelele, bo bolelele. Ho ecliptic monochromatic, lipalesa ha li na 'mele, ho ecliptic tloaelehileng - ka boholo ba ho tloha ho tse peli ho isa ho tse leshome le metso e mmedi tse kopaneng, tse bokellelitsoeng ka brush ea apro ding. Calyx ha e eo; hangata ho na le mabokose a mabeli, a batlang a lekana ka boholo le a mapolanka. Corolla e batla e le tšoeu kapa e le 'mala o sekareleta, e na le mahlaseli a mane kapa a mahlano,' me e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nang le lithunthung tse nyane tse koahelang ka tlase. Monate oa monocots o totobatsa maemo ana a maholo. Nectar disc ha e eo lipalesa tsa emeralde (ho fapana le mefuta e meng e amanang le eona), empa papillae e fokolitsoeng e lula motheong oa ovary. Li-stamens tse ka tlase ho tse robeli. Lipalesa - ho tloha bohareng ba lehlabula ho isa bohareng ba hoetla (karolong ea Europe ea Russia - qetellong ea lehlabula). Bokaholimo ba ovary. Tšilafalo e etsahala ka thuso ea likokoanyana. Ho li hohela, semela se ala monko o tšoanang le monko oa Lemon.

Litholoana - capsule ea oval (ovoid). Ha litholoana li butsoela, garae e emelang, eo lipalesa li neng li le ho eona, ea otloloha.

Peo Ha ho bapisoa le peo ea heather e 'ngoe, joang bo bopehileng bo bobebe haholo, bo tšoana le lerole (boima ba bona ke 0,000003 g), bo kenyelelitsoe ka “mohatla”. "Mohatla" le bongata bo nyane joalo li hlalosoa ke taba ea hore peo e hasoa ke maqhubu a moea, le merung e teteaneng eo moholo a holang ho eona, moea o fokela ka matla.

Emerald tloaelehileng (Monotropa hypopitys)

Ho fihlela haufinyane tjena, ho ne ho lumeloa hore emerald ke semela sa saprophytic, empa tlhophiso ea phepo ea eona e ne e le thata haholo. Emerald, joalo ka baemeli ba bang ba lelapa la Heather, o lula a tšoeroe ke li-mushroom tsa microscopic. Boemo ba ho khetholoha ha matšoao ka ho ecliptic ke hore hyphae ea li-mushroom tse ts'oanang e kenella ka metso ea bobeli le metso ea lifate tse haufi. Ka hyphae ena, bokhabane ha bo amohela feela limatlafatsi tse tlisoang ke fungus, empa le lintho tse tsoang lifateng (mohlala, phosphates) tse hlokang ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng, ho kenyelletsa le ho etsoa ha peo (ka lebaka lena, epoch e ka etsa ntle le likarolo tse hlabisang lihlahisoa) ; Ka ho fapanyetsana, lifate li fumana moriana o le mong oa chefo o feteletseng o hlahisoang ke sethoathoa.

Ntho e 'ngoe e ikhethang ho ecliptic ke hore fungus ea microscopic e fumaneha hoo e batlang e le litho tsohle tsa semela: ka metso, le letlobo esita le lipalesa.

Potso e lula e bulehile hore na baemeli ba mofuta oa Podielnik ba lokela ho nkuoa e le limela tsa limela.

Monophropa uniflora

Maindia a Amerika Leboea a ile a sebelisa emerald bakeng sa ho phekola mafu a mahlo: ba sebelisa moriana o tsoang semeleng sena ho conjunctiva ea leihlo. Europe, emeralde e ne e sebelisoa e le semela sa kalafo kalafo ea ho khohlela.

Mofuta oa Podielnik o kenyelletsa mefuta e 'meli:

Monotropa hypópitys L. (1753) - syn emerald tloaelehileng. Hypopitys monotropa Crantz (1766). Mofuta ona o fumanoa libakeng tse ngata tse futhumetseng tsa Eurasia, hammoho le lebopong la Pacific Amerika Leboea. Naheng ea Russia - karolong ea Europe, Siberia le Bochabela bo Holimo. Karolong ea Europe ea Russia, mofuta ona o atile haholo tikolohong eo e seng ea chernozem. Ka kakaretso, mofuta ona ke semela se fumanehang seoelo, empa ka linako tse ling se fumaneha ka bongata.
Likarolo tse lingHypotitys tsa Monotropa subsp.hypophegea ka linako tse ling e nkuoa e le mofuta o ikemetsengMonotropa hypophega Wallr (1822) - Crib bib syn. Hypopitys hypopheghea (Wallr.) G. Don (1834). Ha ho bapisoa le emerald e tloaelehileng, limela tsa mofuta ona, lipalesa li boreleli, li nyane, li bokelloa ka li-inflorescence tse sa sebetseng.
Monotropa uniflora L. (1753) - Khoele ea Monocotyledon. Mefuta e fumaneha Himalaya, Asia Bochabela, le Amerika Leboea le Amerika Bohareng ho tloha Alaska ho ea Panama, le leboea la Amerika Boroa (Colombia), athe mefuta ea eona e na le likheo tse kholo. Semela ha se seoelo. Hangata e na le 'mala o mosoeu, empa mefuta e pinki le e khubelu le eona ea fumanoa.