Balemi ba lirapa ba Amateur khafetsa ba nka hore aphid ha e kotsi ho feta likokoanyana tse ling, hobane hangata ha e senye litholoana. Khabareng, kotsi e kholo e ama selemo sa bobeli, ha eena ka boeena a se a le sieo ka serapeng. Li lula li le limela ka bongata, li monya lero la limela, likokoanyana tsena tse fokolang tse sa sebetseng ka hona li li thibela. Kamora sena, makhasi le letlobo lia holofala, li-sooty tsa mohloa li lula holim'a tsona, boemo ba semela bo mpefala. Limela tse senyehileng li beha lipalesa tse fokolang tsa litholoana, li fokola mariha, hape ka karolo e itseng kapa esita le ho shoa ka botlalo ke lithemparetjha tse tlase.
Ka linako tse ling ho thata ho e hlokomela ka lebaka la hobane e nka 'mala oa likarolo tsa limela tseo' mele ea tsona e leng ho tsona, e bonoang ho tloha ka morao, e koahetsoeng ke linoko tse bonolo tsa wax ka sethunya kapa sethunya se bobebe. Mahe a likokoanyana tsena a batsho, a benyang, a bolelele.
Apole e tala • A, e motšehali e motšehali (e motšehali e motšehali) • B, e motona e motona (monna e moholo) • C, e motšehali (e motšehali • D, mosali ea behileng lehe) E , Mahe, a tloha ho botala ho ea ho ba lefifi kamora hore a beoe)Hoaba ha li tšoane haholo. Liapole tse tala tse putsoa, hoaba le limela tsa limela tse tlotsitsoeng ka plum, li-aphid tsa makhopho le li-aphid tsa ciliegia li ka ba kotsi. Mona ke ho eketsehileng ka bona.
Green apple aphid e senya sefate sa apole, pere le lijalo tse ling. Eena ka boeena o monyane (hoo e ka bang 2 mm), e putsoa. Mahlareng a sefate sa apole, mahe a sona a ipata le ho ikatisa ka nako ea lithunthung tsa litholoana. Pele, ba anya malebela a makhasi a lithunthung, ebe ba fetolela makhasi le lipalesa tse nyane. Nakong ea lipalesa, moloko oa bobeli o se o ntse o hola, moo ho nang le mapheo a batho ba fofang lifateng tse ling 'me ba lula ka potlako serapeng. Ho pholletsa le lehlabula, li-aphid li ka fana ka Lipapatso tse 17 (!).
Plum pollinated hoaba e senya litholoana tsohle tsa majoe. Ka ho ikatisa ho matla, bokantle ba makhasi le makhapetla a letlapa li koahetsoe ka botlalo ke karolo ea likokoanyana. Phofo ena e kholo, boholo ba eona bo fihla ho 3 mm, e bobebe. E boetse e ipata karolong ea lehe haufi le lipalesa le mapetsong a makhapetla a thunya. Liea e hlaha ha sekala se tsoang makhapetleng a semela se ikarola. E fana ka meloko e ka bang 10 ka nako e le 'ngoe.
Thistle aphid hape e kotsi ho litholoana tsa majoe. Makhasi a senyehileng a hlohloreha ka tšohanyetso, 'me letlaba lea inama. Aphid e tala e botala, limilimithara tse 2,5 ka boholo. Mahe hibernate. Liea li hlaha le pele lipalesa li buleha le ho monya lero ho tsoa letlobo le lenyenyane. Ho qala molokong oa boraro, ho hlaha batho ba mapheo, ba fofa ho fihlela thokgola, soneblomo le asteraceae e ngoe. Ho tloha bohareng ba lehlabula, hoaba, haholo-holo ho tloha serapeng, e fofa ebe e khutlela feela ka hoetla ho ea behela mahe.
Cherry aphid e utloisa cherries le li-cherries ka bobeli. Makhasi a sentsoeng ke likokoanyana a fetoha a batsho, a omelle ebe a oma. Ka ho ikatisa ka bongata, disenyi li ka fetela ho litholoana. Phofo ena e ntšo, e benya, e ka ba 2,5 mm ka boholo. Mahe hibernate har'a buds ka holim'a letlobo. Keketseho ea palo ea likokoanyana e potlakile haholo. Ho li-cherries, hoaba li fa meloko e 14.
| Limela ho sireletsa serapa | ||
| Semela | Ke likarolo life tsa semela tse bokelloang, nako ea ho bokelloa | Mokhoa oa ho lokisa infusion kapa moro |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Hellebore Lobel | Metso le likarolo tsa sefofane. Karolong ea "khoune e tala" | 1 kg ea limela tse tala, 500 g ea halofo e omileng, 250 g ea li-rhizomes tse omileng kapa 100 g ea li-24 - 48 ka lihora tse 10 tsa metsi. Bakeng sa decoction: ho tsitlella lihora tse 2-3 ka tekanyo e ts'oanang, pheha metsotso e 30 ka sekepeng se koetsoeng |
| Ho tsuba, shag | Makhasi, makala | Bakeng sa infusion: 400 g ea lisebelisoa tse tala tse phehiloeng li phehelloa matsatsi a 2 ho 10 l ea metsi. Ho kenyelletsoa metsi a eketsehileng a 10 l ho infusion e tlang. Bakeng sa moro: 400 g ea lihlahisoa tse tala e ts'oaroa letsatsi le le leng ka lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi mme e belisoa lihora tse 2. Ho kenyelletsoa moro o 10 oa metsi ho moro o phehiloeng. |
| Horse sorrel | Metso | 300-400 g tšela lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi a chesang, tsitlella lihora tse 2-3 |
| Celandine e kholo | Semela se felletseng | 3-4 kg ea joang bo botala (kapa 1 kg ea omileng) tsitlella lihora tse 24 ho isa ho 10 a etsang dilitara tse metsi |
| Alder alamo | Makhasi | 2 kg ea makhasi a macha (kapa 1 kg ea makhasi a omileng) a tsitlella lihora tse 24 mme a belise metsotso e 3040 |
| Pine e tloaelehileng | Kholo ea selemo le selemo | 2 kg ea linale e tsitlella matsatsi a 5-7. ka lilithara tse 8 tsa metsi. Ho kenella ho kopantsoe letsatsi le letsatsi. Pele u fafatsa, hlapolla ka metsi 1:10 |
| Pepere ea Chilli | Lipodi | 1 kg ea litholoana tse tala kapa tse 0,5 tsa litholoana tse omisitsoeng li tsitlella matsatsi a 2 ho lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi. Bakeng sa decoction, 1 kg ea litholoana tse sehiloeng e belisoa hora e le ngoe ho lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi, ebe e ts'oaroa matsatsi a mabeli. E koaetsoe ka metsi ka karolelano ea 1: 7. Bakeng sa ho fafatsa nka 100 g ea ho tsepamisa maikutlo ka 10 l ea metsi |
| Litapole | Tse holimo | 1,2 kg ea boima bo botala kapa 600-800 g ea komello e tsitlella lihora tse 3-4 ho lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi |
| Litlhare tsa Chamomile | Makhasi le inflorescence nakong ea lipalesa | 1 kg ea boima bo omeletseng e tsitlella lihora tse 12. Pele u fafatsa, hlapolla ka metsi 1: 8 |
| Achillea millefolium | Karolo ea sefofaneng nakong ea lipalesa Makhasi le metso nakong ea lipalesa | 800 g ea joang bo omileng bo khangoa ke metsi a belang bakeng sa metsotso e 3040, e tšeloa ka metsi ho isa ho 10 l mme e ts'oaroa lihora tse 36-48. Moro o phehiloe ka metsotso e 30 200 ho 200 cm ea metso e khaotsoeng kapa 400 g ea makhasi a macha (kapa 20-30 g ea omileng) a ts'oaroa 2-3 h ho 10 l ea metsi |
| Eiee | Mabone, Sekala | 200 g tsitlella lihora tse 12-17 ka lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi |
| Ho jala Garlic | Lihlooho | 200 g tsitlella ka litha e le ngoe ea metsi matsatsi a 5 ka sejaneng se tiisitsoeng ka thata. 250 ml ea infusion ka lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi |
| Tharollo ea molora le sesepa | 300 g ea molora oa lifate tse bonolo (kapa tse 150 g ea lehong le thata) tšela lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi a chesang, tlisa ho pheha, hlakola tharollo | |
| Tharollo ea sesepa | Qhala 250-200 g ea sesepa ea hlatsoetsoa ka lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi (bonolo) | |
Ntoeng ea hoaba, ho lokela ho nahanoe ka boemo bo le bong. Ho feta 60% ea mahe a mariha, tse tšehali li robala holima letlobo le mafura a mangata, ka hona, haeba nakong ea mariha letlobo lena le khaoloa le ho chesoa, palo ea likokoanyana tse kotsi tse kahara serapeng li ka fokotsoa haholo.
Cherry Aphid (Myzus cerasi)Ho sireletsa serapeng hoaba, ho ka khoneha ho etsa joalo ntle le chefo e bolaeang likokonyana. Ho molemo ho sebelisa ts'oaetso ena le li-decoctions tsa limela tse fapaneng. Ho feta moo, ha semela se sithabetsoa le ho feta, se sebetsa haholoanyane. E lokela ho fafatsoa hang ha likokoana-hloko tsa pele li fumanoa. Ha ho na tlhoko ea ho ema ho fihlela ba ata ka bongata. Pele o fafatsa ho li-broths le infusions ea litlama, eketsa 30-40 g ea sesepa bakeng sa ho khomarela hamolemo. Ntho e 'ngoe eo u lokelang ho e hopola ke hore limela tse ling (mohlala, Lobel's hellebore) li chefo, kahoo ha u li sebelisa ha ua lokela ho lebala ka mehato ea ts'ireletso.
Haeba hoaba ho ne ho se na lira, joale peō ea mosali a le mong ka selemo e ne e ka koahela lefatše ka bophara ba multimeter. Ka lehlohonolo, sena ha se etsahale, hobane li-aphid li hlile li na le lira tse ngata: li-ladybugs le likhoele, le lintsintsi tsa sirfid, jj. Ka hona, mosebetsi oa rona ke ho boloka le ho nolofalletsa tlhahiso ea metsoalle ena le balekane ha ba loana le disenyi tse kotsi.
Lihokela tsa lisebelisoa:
- Sengoloa A. Tengershnogo, moemeli oa saense ea bioloji.
