Ho na le mefuta e ka bang 100 ea li-blueberries, e leng libaka tsa tlhaho tseo kholo ea tsona e leng Europe, Asia, Afrika le Amerika Leboea. Ka CIS, ba tseba hantle melemo ea monokotšoai oa semela sa blueberry, mme, ho feta moo, ba fuoa tatso e ntle haholo.
Mefuta le mefuta ea li-blueberries
Blueberry (eena - myrtle) e tloaelehile karolong ea Europe ea Russia, Siberia le Caucasus. Khafetsa, sekoaelo sa meru sa moru o pharalletseng kapa o nang le limela tse ngata haholo se na le lihlahla tsa sona ho tloha ho 15 ho isa ho 40 cm, se nang le makala a matala, makhasi a matala a tlotsitsoeng (makhasi a makhasi a koahetsoeng) le makhasi a boreleli a bosoeu le bophara ba 6-10. mm ripening ho tloha ka Phupu ho fihlela ka Loetse.
Sebata meru e tlokoma ho thata haholo ho ikamahanya le maemo a jareteng, e leng lebaka la kutloisiso e matla ea metso ea eona ho lijalo le litlhoko tse phahameng bakeng sa maemo a chankaneng, ka hona, haholoholo, litholoana tsa tsona li kotuloa merung.
Mme mona lipalesa ka serapeng, eo e leng setho se haufi sa li-blueberries tse tsoang merung ea Europe, ka hona, ho tšoana le tatso ho eona, ka lehlakoreng le leng, e hlaha hantle ka Morero serapeng, ha e boima ebile e beha haholo.
Palo e kholo ea mefuta e mengata ea li-blueberries tsa serapeng e khona ho khotsofatsa khetho leha e le efe ea tatso. E 'ngoe ea tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa ke Blueberry bluecrop - kholo e mahareng a Phupu. E tšoauoa ka litholoana tse kholo (ho isa ho tse tharo) tsa litholoana tse monate tsa veine tse nang le tatso e fokolang e bolila, li fana ka kilo tse 9 ka sehlahla ka seng, ho hanyetsa serame (ho fihla ho-34 ℃), compactness le tallness (1,6-2 metres).
Kereiti Blueberry herberte holile ka leboea ho Russia Federation, e beha litholoana bohareng ba lehlabula. E na le litholoana tse putsoa tse koahetsoeng ka boea bo botala, bo boholo ebile bo bokhutšoaane. Mekotlo e phahameng le ho thatafala ha mariha hoa koaheloa ke taba ea hore mefuta e meng e boetse e lokela ho fumanoa bakeng sa ho tsamaisa peo ea mefuta, mohlala, Chandler kapa buluu 'me u li lahlele ka limilimithara tse 3 ho tloha morung.
Blueberry Spartan
E khethoa ke monokotsoai o moholo haholo (ho fihlela ho ligrama tse 5) ka August, mme o fana ka chai e tšoanang le ea bluecrop - ho fihlela ho 9 kg ka sehlahla. Lihlahla ka botsona li boetse li na le li-compact, ho fihlela ho 2 metres ho ea holimo, mme ho hanyetsa ha tsona serame le ho feta - ho fihla ho -40 ℃.
Bakeng sa sehlopha Blueberries nelson linako tsa ho ripsa tse mahareng tsa morao-rao (matsatsi a 8-14 ka mor'a hore li-bracrop) e be tloaelo, kholo e matla ea sehlahla ebile e kholo, joalo ka Spartan, monokotsoai o motala oa 'mala o moputsoa o motšo. Ho hanyetsa serame le hona ho phahameng - ho fihla ho -29 ℃.
Blueberry Caucasian lithabeng tsa Caucasus li nyolohela bophahamong ba lik'hilomithara tse peli, e koahela lefatše ka bophara ba meru ea beech le oak. Mofuta ona o phahame haholo ho feta oa pele - limithara tse 2-3, mme o na le monokotsoai o moholo o butsoitseng ho fihlela Phato, ha boleng ba phepo ea monokotsoai oa mefuta ka bobeli bo bapisoa. Litholoana selemo le selemo le ka bongata, empa ha li fapana ka thata tsa mariha.
Blueberry sunberry e tsoetsoe Canada mme joalo ka mefuta e hlalositsoeng pele ea li-blueberries, ke moetlo oa lilemo tse 1. E fihla bophahamo ba limithara tse 1,5 'me e na le monokotsoai o moholo ho feta oa monokotšoai o tloaelehileng (o ka bapisoang ka boholo le li-cherries tse nyane).
Ho tsoa sehlahleng se le seng sa lipalesa tse joalo, o ka bokella li-kilo tse ka bang 12 ka selemo! Leha taba ea hore mofuta ona o ntse o sa tsejoe hakaalo Russia, e pholoha ka nepo tlelaemeteng ea rona, ntle le ho baka mathata ape le temo tikolohong e bohareng ea Russian Federation. E sebetsana le serame sa mariha mme e fana ka kotulo e ngata, leha maemo a leholimo a le thata.
Blueberry lekhasi le oval e ntse e hola Primorye, sehlekehlekeng sa Sakhalin, Lihlekehleke tsa Kuril, e rata meru e kopaneng le e tsoakiloeng, 'me ka linako tse ling e etsa lihlahla tse bolelele ba limithara tse 3-4. Palesa ena e putsoa butle butle, selemo le selemo e eketsa feela cm 1,3,3 mme ha e khone ho thunya, e na le bothata ba mariha ba mariha.
Ho lema serapeng sa Blueberry le tlhokomelo
Lingoloa tse hlalositsoeng pele ke mefuta ea lipalesa tsa li-blueberries (bolcrop, Herbert le tse ling) hloka ho hola, ho latela melao e ikhethang ea tlhokomelo. Sena ke nnete haholo bakeng sa ho lisa. E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lihlauli tsena e lokela ho lengoa hoetla (hantle ka Mphalane), lehlabuleng le latelang li fa chai.
Ha u lema, nahana ka sebaka - e lokela ho ba letsatsi, hobane ka ho hloka mocheso monokotsoai o fetoha acidic, 'me ka nako e ts'oanang, ha ho hlokahala, o shaded.
Ho tla chekoa mekoti e nang le bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 150 le botebo ba cm 60. Peat e kopantsoeng e tsoakoa le boima ba mobu o hlahisitsoeng ka karolelano ea 2: 1. Ntle le moo, motsoako o ka fanoa ka sebabole sa phofo bakeng sa acidization.
Sebakeng sa mobu o boima, ho khothalletsoa hape ho eketsa makhasi a oak a bola le lehlabathe la noka ka bongata bo fokolang.
Sebaka se kopaneng pakeng tsa lipeo e lokela ho ba limithara tse 1,5 (se fetotsoe bakeng sa litšobotsi tsa ho lema ha lijalo tsa Herbert tse bontšitsoeng kaholimo). Lema limela, theola fatše, koahela ka sehokelo sa mulch le metsi ka bongata. Pele ho hlaha letlobo la pele, emela nakoana - libeke tse 2-3.
Chokeberry hape ke tholoana e thusang haholo le semela sa monokotšoai, e lengoa habonolo ha o lema le ho hlokomela sebakeng se bulehileng, o shebile li-nuances tse 'maloa. U ka fumana litlhahiso tsohle tse hlokahalang sehloohong sena.
Ho nosetsa li-blueberries
Mongobo o sa feleng oa mobu ke ntlha ea bohlokoa haholo! Hang ka khoeli ka mor'a ho lema, li-blueberries li nosetsoa ho sebelisoa tharollo ea acidified citric acid. Karolo ea tharollo e kenyelletsa lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi le khaba e le 'ngoe ea "Lemons".
Ho nosetsa ka metsi a tloaelehileng ho lokela ho etsoa khafetsa hoo lefatše le lulang le le mongobo ka linako tsohle.
Manyolo a Blueberry
Li-blueberries tsa jareteng li hloka ho feptjoa ka manyolo ka bobeli a liminerale ho latela chlorine (hang ka selemo) le manyolo (nako e 1, hang kamora ho jala ka hoetla).
Ka kakaretso, mohato o motle ka ho fetisisa oa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba mobu bakeng sa li-blueberries o nkoa o lokolla ho potoloha le sehlahla ka ho kenyelletsa karolo ea patsi ea lehong (e seng boteng ba 10 cm). Sawdust e kopane le bokaholimo ba mobu, bo amang bokhoni ba eona ba ho boloka mongobo. Ho notlolla ka botebo ha ho kgothaletswe ho qoba ho senya ts'ebetso ea metso e batlang e sa sebetse.
Blueberries mariha
Li-blueberries tsa jareteng li hloka mocheso o lekaneng le li-currants, 'me li sireletsehile ka mokhoa o tšoanang maemong a batang a mariha a mariha.
Ntlheng ena, hammoho le lipalesa tse khutsitseng tsa morao-rao (ho tloha halofo ea 2 ea Mots'eanong), tšenyo e tsoang ho lihlakahlaka tse khutlang nakong ea selemo ha e mpe ho eena.
Ho hola li-blueberries ho tsoa lipeo
Hoa khoneha ho jala monokotšoai ka lipeo le li-cutlets. Khetlong la pele, lipeo li ntšoa ka ho phunya litholoana ka menoana ea hau ebe li siuoa li omme. Kamora hore ba kenngoe ka sekepeng se tlatsitsoeng ka motsoako oa naha le peat (ka tekanyo, joalo ka mobung o bulehileng - 2: 1).
Ha lipeo li hola le ho hola, li lenngoe setsing. Bakeng sa ho ikatisa, hoa lumelleha ho sebelisa litholoana tse halikiloeng, tse fumanang koetliso ea mariha libakeng tse batang.
Keketseho ea li-blueberries ka li-cutlets
Ho li-cuttings u tla hloka makala a hlokang ho lengoa ka peat. Rooting e lokela ho etsahala tlasa sekoaelo sa filimi.
Kamora ho fela ha ts'ebetso ena, kutu e fetisetsoa setsing. Ha ho na joalo ha u lokela ho e etsa nakong ea selemo, hobane li-blueberries li lokela ho qeta mariha.
Maloetse le Likokoanyana
Mefuta eohle le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-blueberries (ho kenyeletsa le serapa kaofela) ha li na tšenyo ea nako. Ho thibela tšoaetso ea fungal, joalo ka letheba le lesoeu, qalong ea lipalesa le kamora hore e phethe, lihlahla li alafshoa ka tharollo e bobebe ea lihlahisoa tse nang le koporo.
Empa ebe linonyanaHo nosetsa litholoana tse sa butsoang ho ka baka tšenyo e kholo lijalong. Sena se ka qojoa ka ho koahela lihlahla ka letlooa le nyane la nylon ka likheo tse nyane tse behiloeng ka lehong la mapolanka. Ka tsela, li-blueberries tsa serapeng ho tsoa ponahalong ea tlhaho li boetse li khetholloa ke ho se be teng ha monokotšoai o monokotšoai, le hoja ho se na livithamini tse fokolang ho eona.
Blueberries thepa ea bohlokoa le li-contraindication
Mefuta e thusang ea li-blueberries e e etsa e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse ntle haholo tsa ho ntlafatsa pono. E boetse e na le livithamini tse ngata, haholo-holo C, P le tsa sehlopha sa B. Ho feta moo, liphuputso tsa morao tjena li senotse phello e sebetsang ea lijo tsa "Blueberry" holim'a bokhoni ba eona ba ho hanela matšoao a botsofe, bo kang ho lahleheloa ke kelello, bofokoli ba mesifa le ts'ebetso ea pono.
Mokotla oa Blueberry
Bakeng sa moriana, litholoana le li-blueberries ka bobeli li sebelisoa. Ho tloha ho ligrama tse 50 tsa monokotsoai o omisitsoeng le 500 ml ea metsi, o ka lokisa decoction le lino letsatsi lohle bakeng sa thibelo e akaretsang.
Blueberry Flask
Ho kenngoa ha makhasi a blueberry ho thusa ho sebetsana le majoe a liphio - thispone e le 'ngoe ea makhasi a omisitsoeng e phehiloe ka mollo o bonolo halofo ea hora, ebe e fafatsoa, e hloekisoe ebe e nkuoa hoseng le mantsiboea ka khalase ea pele.
Litšobotsi tsa pholiso tsa li-blueberries mabapi le lisebelisoa tse bonoang li hlahisoa ke ho ba teng ha litholoana tsa li-polyphenols tsa anthocyanins, tseo, kaha li kenya mebala, li fa litholoana 'mala o nepahetseng. Kameho ea metsoako ena 'meleng oa motho e bontšoa ka ho eketseha hoa pono, ho khutlisetsa mekhoa ea ts'ireletso ea lisele le ho matlafatsa kutloisiso ea eona.
Tee ea Blueberry
Ho ntlafatsa pono, litsebi li eletsa ho sebelisa bonyane ligrama tse 50 tsa litholoana tsa mofuta oa bordeberry letsatsi le letsatsi ka foromo e ncha kapa e omileng kapa e le karolo ea tee. Tee e tla hloka ligrama tse 100 tsa monokotsoai o omisitsoeng - e tšeloa ka litara e le 1 ea metsi a batang, e phehiloeng ka mocheso o bohareng bakeng sa metsotso e 10, ebe e tšeloa, e tlhapolloe le ho nooa ka metsotso e 60, e eketsa lere, tsoekere kapa mahe a linotsi.
Ntle le taba ea hore tee e loketse pono, e khothalelitsoe le ho batho ba lefu la tsoekere e le anti-inflammatory le diuretic.
Pie ea Blueberry
Ha se feela hore na Blueberry e phetse hantle, joalokaha u tseba, e boetse e monate, e sebelisoang ka katleho ho pheheng. Pie ea Blueberry ke bopaki bo bong bo matla ba sena. Li-monokotsoai tse ncha le tse batang li mo loketse.
Ho lenane la tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho etsa hlama metsoako (bakeng sa sebopeho se nang le bophara ba cm 20) se kenyeletsa:
- Ligrama tse 250 tsa phofo ea koro
- Ligrama tse 150 tsa botoro,
- Tablespoons tse 2 tse tsoekere tse tsoekere,
- 1 yolk
- Liipone tse 3 tsa metsi a leqhoa,
- pinch ea letsoai.
Tlhahiso ea tlatsetso e kenyelletsa:
- Li-gram 500 tsa li-blueberries,
- 1 apole
- Ligrama tse 150 tsa tsoekere
- halofo ea Lemon (e nang le lero le zest),
- halofo ea khaba ea sinamone,
- Likhaba tse 2 tsa starch ea litapole.
Re phehela hlama ka har'a processor ea lijo, re sebelisa nozzle ea "tšepe thupa" - fafatsa phofo, re tšela phofo le letsoai, re tšollele processor bakeng sa metsotsoana e leshome le metso e mehlano, re tšela botoro e khaotsoeng ka li-cubes tse nyane ho tloha sehatsetsing, tšela botoro ka phofo ka mekotla e menyenyane, eketsa lehe la lehe kopanya.
Joale, ha motsoako o felisitsoe, eketsa metsi a leqhoa (bongata ba ona bo ka fapana ho latela phofo, ho bohlokoa ho fumana seretse se metsi se emereng hantle ka lebaka leo). Re bokella hlama e felileng ka hlama, re e phuthela ka filimi ebe re e fetisetsa sehatsetsing bonyane metsotso e 60.
Ho lokisa tlatsa:
Ke nako ea ho pheha ho tlatsa - nka saucepan e tebileng, moo re kopanyang li-blueberries le tsoekere (o ntse o hloka ho eketsa metsi a manyane ho li-blueberries tse ncha), 'me u tlise surrogate ho pheha ka mocheso o tlase.
Ha re futhumala, re tšela apole re sebelisa grater e kopaneng, ebe re eketsa grated le li-blueberries ka ho tsosa. Kamora sena, re fana ka katleho ea ho tlatswa ka likarolo tsa lemone, sinamone le starch e kenngoeng ka metsing a batang (70-100 ml), re e hlohlelletsa kaofela.
Kamora ho pheha, tlohela motsoako ho pheha bakeng sa metsotso e ka bang 10 - e lokela ho tiea. Kamora ho tlatsa, ho hlokahala hore o tlose mochesong ebe oa e tlohela hore e pholile.
Mokhabiso oa pie:
Re tsoela pele ho theha mofuta oa pie ea blueberry: arola hlama likarolo tse peli, e kenyelletsa 2/3 le 1/3 ea kakaretso e felletseng ebe o tšolla e kholo ho ea bophara ho feta bophara ba hlobo, e ka bang 5 mm. Re beha hlama ka foromo ebe re e khaola ka hohle, ebe re e tlatsa ka botlalo e tlatseng nako ea ho pholile ka botlalo.
Ho tloha makhapetleng le karolo e nyane ea hlama, e kopantsoe hammoho, re phumula lehare ebe re e khaola likotoana tsa cm cm ka bophara. Li tla etsa mokokotlo o kaholimo oa phae eo ho leng bonolo ho e theha haeba u e beha hole ka ngoe, e lekanang le bophara ba mohala o mong le o mong, ebe o phahamisa tse ling hape le tse sa tloaelehang ka lehlakoreng le leng, o beha mokolokoto o setseng ka holimo. Khaola likarolo tse ngata tsa hlama ebe o tobetsa likarolo tsa methapo ho setsi, ebe o beha likuku ho baka metsotso e 40 ka mocheso oa 180 ℃ ho fihlela kutu e hlaha. Khekhe e ntle haholo ka sebopeho se mofuthu le se phehiloeng.
Blueberry jeme
Ho etsa jeme ea blueberry, o hloka 1 kg ea litholoana le 1.5 kg ea tsoekere. Re hlatsoa litlolo ebe re li omisa, ebe re li kolobisa ka blender e tsoakiloeng le tsoekere, ebe re li kenya ka har'a linkho tse halikiloeng ebe re li kenya ka sehatsetsing bakeng sa polokelo.
Jeme e joalo e boloka melemo eohle ea tlhaho ea monokotsoai, kaha e ne e sa fuoe kalafo ea mocheso.
Blueberry compote
O ka pheha litholoana tse kentsoeng, o bokella ligrama tse 700 tsa li-blueberries, ligrama tse 300 tsa sirapo ea tsoekere (35%) mme o eketsa litara e le 'ngoe ea metsi ho sena.
Recipe e bonolo: monokotsoai oa hlatsuoa, o tšeloa ka makotikeng, o tšeloa ka sirapo e futhumalitsoeng, e koetsoeng le ho chesoa ka mocheso oa 85 ℃ (makotikoti a etsang halofo ea metsotso e 15, makotikoti a litha e le 20).
Blueberry Muffins
Lithako:
- phofo ea koro (ligrama tse 150),
- botoro (ligrama tse 70),
- mothwebe (3),
- tranelate e bolila (ligrama tse 30),
- tsoekere (50-70 dikgerama),
- starch ea poone (ligrama tse 30),
- phofo ea ho baka (ligrama tse 5),
- monokotsoai oa blueberry (ligrama tse 100).
Hoa hlokahala ho sila tsoekere, tranelate e bolila le li-yolks, kopanya likarolo tsena e le hore lithollo tse nyane li qhibilihe. Pelela qhibiliha oli, e ke e pholile hanyane, ebe o tšela ka har'a motsoako o hlalositsoeng ka holimo, o ntse o tsoela pele ho e sisinya.
E hlotsoe ka tlasa metsi a batang, e omisitsoe ebe e beoa ka leqhetsoana le le leng ka thaole, litholoana li se li loketse ho butsoa le starch ea poone. Monokotsoai o kentsoeng o kenngoa ka sejaneng le motsoako, hlohlelletsa ka bonolo, ho sefa le phofo ka phofo ea ho baka. Ho hlohlona ho tsoela pele ho fihlela mookotaba o boreleli, o tlosa makhapetla a teng ka nako e ts'oanang.
Tlatsa likotlolo tse arotsoeng halofo. Ho baka ho etsahala holim'a pampiri e nang le ho baka ka ontong e futhumatsoang mocheso oa mocheso oa mocheso oa 180 180 metsotso e 25. Pele u sebeletsa, fafatsa phofo e fafatsitsoeng mofong ka mong oa Blueberry - sejana se se se loketse.
Veine ea Blueberry
Veine ea Blueberry e hloka lilithara tse 4,5 tsa metsi a futhumetseng, ligrama tse 3 tsa tsoekere, hoo e ka bang 2 kg ea tsoekere (monate oa veine e felileng ho latela bongata ba eona) le lithane tse 300 tsa mahe a linotsi (ho khothaletsoa ho sebelisa lipalesa kapa linden).
Re pheha li-blueberries, ho hlatsoa, ho omisa le ho pepeta litholoana tsa sona. Re kopanya ntho e ngoe le e ngoe ka sekotlong se etsang litha e le 10, eketsa lilithara tse 3 tsa metsi a futhumetseng ebe re tlama molala ka chisi. Matsatsi a 4 sekepe se lokela ho ema kahare ka mocheso oa kamore 20-25 ℃, ebe mokelikeli o tlameha ho hloekisoa.
Ka mor'a moo, re tšela tsoekere le mahe ka linapong tse 1,5 tsa metsi a futhumetseng ebe re kopanya lino tse peli tse fumanoeng ka sekepeng se hloekileng. Kamora ho aha senotlolo sa metsi, veine e siuoa hore e tšoloe ka mocheso matsatsi a 25-30. Ebe e tšeloa ntle le ho qhekelloa ka sekepeng se hloekileng, e phetoa ka senotlolo sa metsi, 'me ka nako ena, e kenngoe pholile matsatsi a 60.
Ha nako e fihla, o sebelisa siphon, o tšela veine, o arotse moea o tsoang ho eona, ebe o tš tšela libotlolong tse lokelang ho tiisoa le ho bolokoa li le maemong a otlolohileng. Bakeng sa polokelo, ho molemo ho khetha kamore e lefifi, e omileng, e batang.
Libies tsa Blueberry
Li-pie tsa Blueberry le tsona li ntle. Ho li lokisa o hloka:
- Ligrama tse 500 tsa phofo ea koro
- Ligrama tse 30 tsa tomoso
- Khalase e le 1 ea metsi
- Lehe 1
- Ligrama tse 50 tsa phofo ea lebese
- Likhaba tse 2 tsa tsoekere ea litholoana
- Ligrama tse 80 tsa oli ea soneblomo,
- Tablespoons tse 2 tsa starch ea litapole,
- 1 kg ea li-blueberries.
Kola hlama ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng, ema ho fihlela o tsoha, 'me u tsamaise meqolo e 20. Kamora hore li-buns li phahame, re li etsa ka sejelo tse sephara, tseo re li tlatsang monokotsoai.
Hape, re emetse hore liphahlo li tsohe, li li tlatse ka mathoko ka lehe kapa yoghur ebe li tšela ka ontong, tse futhumalitsoeng ho 200-225 for, chesa metsotso e 10-15.
