Baemeli ba mofuta oa tlhaho naheng ba fumaneha linaheng tsa Amerika Bohareng le Amerika Boroa. Marigolds a lengoa Mexico, Chile, Brazil, France, Morocco, Belgium, Congo le tse ling .. Naheng ea rona, marigold a manyane a fumaneha ka bophirima ho Transcaucasia e le semela sa osele. Li-Marigold li lengoa haholo e le limela tsa mekhabiso, haholo-holo mefuta e nang le lipalesa tse kholo.
Marigolds. © Nickolas TitkovMarigolds (lat. Tagete) - mofuta oa limela tsa selemo le selemo ho tsoa ho lelapa la Astrovidae, kapa Compositae. Ba tsoa Amerika, moo ba holang hantle ho tloha New Mexico le Arizona ho ea Argentina. Li-stems li tsepame, li na le makala, li etsa sehlahla se kopaneng kapa se petsohileng ka bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 20 ho isa ho tse 120.
Makhasi - "cirrus dissected" kapa "cirrostratus", e fumanehang ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang, e nang le meno, ho tloha khanyeng e putsoa ho ea lefifi ka lehlakoreng le leng kapa ka tatellano e latelang.
Li-inflorescence ke libaskete, tse bonolo kapa tse peli, mosehla, lamunu kapa sootho. Lihlooho tsa baemeli ba mofuta ona ke tsa boholo bo bohareng, li na le kobo ea cylindrical e nang le mola o le mong oa lipampiri tse kopantsoeng; lipalesa tsa basali tsa tikoloho - lehlaka; achenes linear, limiteded to base. Thunya haholo ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa serame.
Litholoana ke asene e ntšo kapa e ntšo-e sootho e boreleli ka matla. Peo e lula e sebetsa lilemo tse 3-4. Ho 1 g ho tloha ho 280 ho ea ho peo ea 700.
Monko oa limela, o re hopotsang li-asters, tse ikhethang, bakeng sa motho e mong e ka ba o sa thabiseng. Tagete patula L. hangata e mela, e na le lipuo tse tala le makala a otlolohileng.
Marigolds. © Taco WitteHo hola
Balemi ba lirapa ba bangata baa tseba hore marigold ha e na boikokobetso ebile ha e batle maemo a semela a ntseng a hola. Polelo ena ke 'nete haholo ho li-marigolds tse lahliloeng, tse ntseng li hola esita le litseleng tse phathahaneng, li mamella hantle litlamorao tse mpe tsa likhase tse feteletseng, maemo a mabe a mobu le mongobo oa litoropong.
Hoo e batlang e le limela tsohle li rata sebaka se bulehileng, le haeba se lenngoe sebakeng se moriti sa serapa, ba ntse ba tla u natefisa ka lipalesa tsa bona tse sa lebaleheng. Mobu oa ho lema le ho holisa li-marigold o lokela ho khethoa o nonneng, o sa nke lehlakore, o loamy, o le boemong bo nepahetseng ba ho nosetsa kamehla. Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore marigold e emeng e rata libaka tse nang le letsatsi ebile e le leqe ho thunya ha e le moriti.
Marigolds a rata mokhoa oa ho tsotella le tlhokomelo, ka lebaka la mong'a bona ka kholo e ngata le ho fana ka lipalesa tse telele le tse telele. E le hore semela sa hau se ka hola ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng mobung o sa hlokeng botsitso, ho hlokahala hore o fephe marigold hangata bonyane makhetlo a 2-3 ka nako eohle ea kholo ea selemo.
Limela tsena li ka lengoa ka lipitsa, likotlolo tse sa tebang, li-drawer le lipalesa tsa lipalesa likhamong kapa ka jareteng, ka thoko kapa hammoho le limela tse ling tsa selemo le selemo, le ho khabisa lipale tsa lipalesa le meeli le tsona, e leng se etsang hore marigolds e be feela semela sa bohlokoa bakeng sa mekhabiso.
Monyetla oa bohlokoa oa lipalesa tsena tse tsotehang ke ho hola ha tsona ha likokonyana le mafu. Phytoncides e makhasi a marigold e leleka hantle likokoanyana tse kotsi. Le ha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling leoto le letšo, bola bohlooho, ho bola ha metso, tšoaetso ea baktheria le nematode li ama limela, moo ho hlokahalang ho nka mehato e sebetsang ho laola likokonyana.
Marigolds. © KENPEIHo tsala
Peo. Marigolds e ka jaloa mobung o bulehileng mafelong a Mots'eanong - pele ho Phato. Makhoaba a hlaha matsatsi a 5-10 kamora ho jala. Ho khothalletsoa ho koahela mobu ka thepa e sa lohiloeng (acrylic, lutrasil). Maemong ana, o ka jala beke le halofo pejana ho tloaelehileng 'me ka hona o potlakise lipalesa.
Ha ho mela lipeo pejana ho feta tse ling, bohareng ba bo-Hlakubele, li-marigold li jaloa li le joalo. Li-Marigolds tse lahliloeng le tse tšesaane li jaloa mathoasong a April. Ho latela linako tsena tse seng li felile, lipalesa tsa mefuta eohle e meraro li tla qala ka Phuptjane. Lipeo tsa Marigold li ka holisoa habonolo ka tlung ka tlasa fensetere e khanyang, 'me li ntle le ho feta libakeng tsa polokeho ea lifilimi moo lijalo e tla ba matla ka ho fetisisa. Hore lipeo li phele hantle, o hloka mobu o hlephileng, o nang le phepo e ntle (karolo e 1 ea humus + 1 karolo ea peat + 1 karolo ea sod land + 0.5 likarolo lehlabathe), mohatsela esita le 18-18 ° C le ho nosetsa ka tsela e itekanetseng. Marigolds e hannoeng ha e hloke mobu le mocheso haholo. Le ha lipeo tsa marigold li nkoa li sa ikhule, ho molemo ho nka mobu o mocha bakeng sa ho jala, haholo-holo li-marigolds tse moqotetsane, tse matla ho feta mefuta e meng e anngoeng ke leoto le letšo.
Lipeo li ka lengoa ka lebokoseng, ka sekotlolong kapa ka pitseng. Ka tlase, tšela drainage (lejoe le sithabetseng, letsopa le atolositsoeng, lehlabathe le koahetsoeng) ka sekaka sa cm 3 kapa ho etsa masoba. Ho seng joalo, limela li ka shoa ke mafu a fungal. Qalong, 2/3 ea mobu e tšeloa ka hara drainage, ebe lera lena le kopantsoe ka letsoho kapa ka ho phunyeletsa. Karolo e latelang e lokela ho lokoloha e le hore metso e holang e be le moea o lekaneng. Mobu ha oa lokela ho fihla pheletsong ea tanka ka cm cm 1-2. Mobu o lokisitsoeng o tšolloa hantle ebe o siuoa letsatsi le le leng kapa a mabeli sebakeng se futhumetseng e le hore "e" phefumolohe ".
Lipeo tsa Marigold li kholo, ka hona, li ka hasoa ka hloko ka har'a li-grooves ka bolelele ba 1-1.5 cm. Sebaka se pakeng tsa li-grooves ka boeona ke 1.5-2 cm. Lipeo tse nyoriloeng li utloa bohloko haholo ka lebaka la ho haella ha khanya le ho otloloha. Ba kanna ba fumana leoto le letšo.
Mokhoa o bonolo ka ho fetisisa ke ho fumana letsoalo le nepahetseng ka ho jala lipeo tse mela. Bakeng sa tsoele pele ho mela, ba hloka ho behelloa ka lesela le mongobo ka sopho ebe ba tšeloa ka mokotleng oa polasetiki, ba behiloe sebakeng se futhumetseng. Kamora matsatsi a 2-3, lipeo li tla loma. Peo e bolileng e koaheloa ka mobu ka cm cm-1-1. Peō e koahetsoeng ka bonolo e ka shoa ka ho omella ntle. Haeba peo e patiloe e tebile haholo mobung, e kanna ea hloleha ho hola, haholoholo marigold e moqotetsane. Kamora ho jala, bokaholimo ba mobu bo nosetsoa ka hloko, ebe bo koaheloa ka pampiri. Lijana li beoa sebakeng se futhumetseng (22-25 ° C) mme li lekola mongobo oa mobu ka hloko. Kamora matsatsi a 3-7, lipeo li tla hlaha ebe lijana li lokela ho fetisetsoa sebakeng se khanyang ka mocheso o tlase (18-20 ° C).
Haeba lipeo li ntse li boreleli, e lokela ho kolobisoa. Lipeo li tlosoa ka hloko mobung o noselitsoeng hantle 'me li lenngoe ka sekoting, e tebetse ho cotyledons. Sena se tla kenya letsoho ho theheng metso e ncha. Peō e ntle ka nako ea ho lema e na le lipara tse 2-3 tsa makhasi le sistimi e matla ea metso. Lipeo li lenngoe mobung ho elella bofelong ba Mots'eanong - qalong ea Phato. Limela li lenngoe mobung 1-2 cm ka botebo ho feta kamoo li neng li lengoa pele. Sebaka se pakeng tsa limela se itšetlehile ka mefuta le mefuta ea tsona. Mefuta e nyalisitsoeng e meholo le mefuta e meng ea marigold e otlolohileng e lenngoe ho latela moralo 40 x 40 cm, mefuta e mahareng le mofuta oa F1 poone 30 x 30 cm le mefuta e tlase le mefuta e nyalisitsoeng ea mefuta eohle 20 x 20 cm.
Ho fetisetsoa ho mamelloa habonolo ho lilemo life kapa life, esita le maemong a lipalesa.
Marigolds. © KENPEIHo Kotula Marigolds le Boloka
Hangata Marigolds li nkuoa nakong ea lipalesa tse ngata (joalo ka ha e le molao, ena ke lilemo tse leshome tsa Phupu). Lipalesa li khaoloa ka bolelele ba 15 cm ho tloha mobung mme lisebelisoa tse tala (oli ea bohlokoa) li romeloa hanghang khoebong bakeng sa ho e lokisa kapa ho omisoa moriting.
Liteko tsa 'marigold tse boletsoeng ka holimo li kotuloa nakong ea ha peo e butsoa makaleng le makhapetleng a semela sa pele sa semela. Haeba u ema hanyane ha u ntse u kotula semela sena, sena se ka lebisa ho tšolloeng ha peo. Kamora ho etsa mosebetsi oa ho kuta limela, li-aisles li tlameha ho lokolloa ka botlalo.
Li-marigold tse nyane hangata li tlosoa nakong ea lipalesa tse ngata tsa mefuta ena (halofo ea bobeli ea Loetse). Lipalesa li khaola (haeba ho khonahala) boemong ba makhasi a matla (joalo ka taelo, ke cm 30- 35 ho tloha mobung oa mobu).
Limela tsa peo lia kotuloa ha lipeo li mela makhapetleng le lihloeng tsa pele tsa semela. Kamora ho qeta nako e telele a omisa li-marigold ka kamoreng e lefifi le e omileng, lipeo tsa semela li ntšoa habonolo.
Lintho tse tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea oli ea bohlokoa ke halofo e kaholimo ea limela tsa lipalesa tse sa tsoa kotuloa. Oli ea bohlokoa ea Marigold e maemong a lokolohileng 'me e lokolloa ntle le bothata bo itseng nakong ea ha e hlohlora mouoane kapa e ntsoolla ka lintho tse qhibilihang. Haeba lisebelisoa tse tala li sebelisoa e le senoko, marigolds e tlameha ho omisoa moriting, kaha boholo le boleng ba oli ea bohlokoa bo fokotseha haholo nakong ea ho omisoa ha letsatsi.
Marigold o ne a le mosesane. © Goku122Mefuta le mefuta
Monko o matla o ikhethang o tsebahala ka mefuta eohle ea marigold. Ho feta moo, lipalesa tsa bona li nkha hanyane, makhasi - a matla le ho feta. Marigolds e lengoa ka mefuta e meraro ea mantlha: eound (Tagetes erecta), e qheletsoe (Tagetes patula) le tšesaane (Tagetes tenuifolia).
Ho lokoloha
Li boetse li bitsoa Maafrika, leha li tsoa Amerika - li le matla, li-inflorescence tse telele tse 40 ho isa ho tse 100 tsa mefuta eohle li le litry, li le kholo haholo, li le bophara ba cm cm 7-15. 'mala oa lipalesa o tloha ho' mala o mosehla ho fihlela lamunu e lefifi.
Marigolds li lokile. © AkaMefuta e fapaneng
Mefuta e sa tšoaneng e khetholloa ke bophahamo: seipone - ka holimo ho 90 cm; phahameng - 60-90 cm; mahareng - 45-60 cm; e tlase - ho fihlela ho 45 cm.
Antigua ('Antigua') - e bolelele ba 20 cm feela, empa e bopa li-inflorescence tse ngata ho isa ho 10 cm ka mmala o hlakileng kapa 'mala oa lamunu.
Lejoe le Letšo ('Gelber Stein') - Bases ho fihlela ho 70 cm. Inflorescence ke chrysanthemum e bopehileng joaloka 'mala o mosehla oa khauta, e bophara ba cm cm 7-8.
Khauta ea Khauta - Bareki li na le li-compact, li bolelele ba 90-120 cm. Letlobo le na le matla, e metala, le botenya bo botala. Makhasi a maholo, a botala bo lefifi. Li-inflorescence ke li-clove, tse batlang li le bokhutšoaane, li habeli habeli, bophara ba cm 7-8, 'mala o mofubelu, o khathollang. Mefuta e sa tsoaneng ke ea hoseng, e lithunthung ho tloha qalong ea June ho fihlela serame.
Leseli le 'mala oa khauta (' Goldlicht ') - Bareki li na le li-compact tse bolelele ba 60-75 cm. Letlobo le matla, le boreleli, le le botala bo botala le palesa e khubelu. Makhasi a maholo, a botala bo lefifi. Li-inflorescence ke carnation, hemispherical, terry, 8-10 cm ka bophara. Lipalesa tsa Reed ke lamunu e khanyang. Lipalesa tse tubular ha li roesoe moqhaka, eseng tse ngata. Mefuta e fokotsehile. E thunya ho tloha bofelong ba June ho isa serame.
Solar ('Sonnenschein') - Mabanta a foromo e tloaelehileng, a bolelele ba 40-50 cm, a tiile. Letlobo le na le matla, e metala ebile le putsoa. Makhasi a maholo, a botala. Inflorescences ke chrysanthemum joalo ka cm, 5-6 cm, e 'mala oa khauta, e na le lipalesa tse ngata tse kholo tsa lipalesa tse nang le lipalesa tse otlolohileng tsa corolla tse sothehileng mme mola o le mong oa lipalesa tsa lehlaka o khubame. E khothalelitsoe ho lulisa ka sehlopha.
Moputso oa Lemon ('Zitronen preis') - Mabanta a foromo e tloaelehileng, a bolelele ba 65-80 cm, a tiile. Letlobo le matla, le botala bo lefifi ka palesa e pinki. Makhasi a maholo, a botala bo lefifi. Li-inflorescence ke li-clove, 8-10 cm ka bophara, spherical, bushy, yellow yellow. E thunya ho tloha bohareng ba June ho isa serame. E khothalelitsoe lihlopha tse phahameng le likotsi.
Marigolds o ile a hana
Ka linako tse ling li bitsoa French - e tlase haholo, bophahamo ba 20-25 cm. Li-inflorescence tsa tsona li ka ba habeli ebile e se habeli, empa sena ha se se setle joalo, bolelele ba 4-7 cm, 'mala o mosehla le o mosehla, hape le' mala o mofubelu, ka linako tse ling tse peli.
Marigolds o ile a hana. © VinayarajMefuta e fapaneng
Mpira ea Khauta ('Mpira ea Khauta') - Ho hasanya lihlahla, bolelele ba 50-60 cm, lihlahla li matla. Letlobo le matla, le botala, le palesa e 'mala o sekareleta, bo botala. Makhasi a na le boholo bo bohareng, bo botala. Inflorescences e bonolo ebile e halofo habeli, bophara ba 4-5 cm. Lipalesa tsa Reed li fumaneha ka mela e 1-2, 'mala o mofubelu, o bosootho. Lipalesa tse tubular ke mosehla oa khauta. Mefuta e fapaneng ke ea pele. E thunya ho tloha qalong ea June ho bata. Sehiloeng hantle.
Hlooho ea khauta ('Gold Kopchen') - Lihlahla li na le makhasi a 20 cm cm, a makhasi a mangata. Letlobo le matla, le botala, le palesa e khubelu. Makhasi a le boholo bo bohareng, botala bo lefifi. Li-inflorescence ke chrysanthemum-like, habeli, bolelele ba 3.5-4 cm, li na le lipalesa tse 'mala oa khauta, lipalesa tse chitja tse pharalletseng le mola o le mong oa lipalesa tse khubelu tsa lehlaka tse lefifi, tse inameng ka tlase, tse nang le bohale bo bokhutšoanyane. Mefuta e fapaneng ke ea pele. E thunya ho tloha mathoasong a June ho isa serame .. E khothaletsoa libethe tsa lipalesa, rabatok, pitsa le mekhabiso e khabisitsoeng.
Mofumahali Sofia ('Mofumahali Sophia') - Inflorescences ha e tsamaee ka melumo e meholo e 'meli: e khubelu ka moeli oa bronze-lamunu, e nyamela hanyane ka letsatsi, e fumana moriti o sootho, bophara ba 7 cm.
Lema ea Lemon ('Kemone ea Lemon') - Lihlahla li na le makhasi a 20 cm cm, a ka bang bolelee, a sephara haholo, a makhasi a makhasi. Letlobo le matla, le teteane ebile le likhoele tse khubelu tse lefifi. Makhasi a le boholo bo bohareng, botala bo lefifi. Li-inflorescence ke li-clove, tse habeli, bolelele ba 3.5-4 cm, li na le lipalesa tse khanyang tsa lehlaka tse mosehla. Mefuta e fapaneng ke ea pele. E thunya ho tloha mathoasong a June ho isa serame .. E khothaletsoa libethe tsa lipalesa, rabatok, mekhabiso e khabisitsoeng le likhalase.
Orange Flame ('Orange Flamme') - E ts'ehetsa ho fihlela ho 20-30 cm, e telele, e makhasi a makhasi. Letlobo le matla, le tala ka likhoele tse bofubelu. Makhasi a na le botala bo lefifi ka li-lobes tse nyane tse nang le lanceolate. Inflorescences ke chrysanthemum-like, habeli, bolelele ba 3.5-4,5 cm, e na le lipalesa tsa mmala o moputsoa o hlakileng o mebala e metelele ka mela e khubelu le mola o le mong oa lehlaka, boputsoa bo bosootho bo botala tlase, lipalesa tse ntle tse nang le 'mala o moputsoa botleng le moeling oa mosehla. Mefuta e fapaneng ke ea pele. E thunya ho tloha qalong ea June ho bata.
Fireball ('Feuer bolo') - Ho jala lihlahla, bolelele ba 55-70 cm, le makala a mangata. Letlobo le matla, le boreleli, le botala ka likhoele tse khubelu. Makhasi a matala. Li-inflorescence li bonolo, bophara ba 4-5 cm. Lipalesa tsa Reed li hlophisitsoe ka mola o le mong, tse bosootho bo bofubelu ka lehlakoreng le holimo, le bosootho bo botala, 'mala o moputsoa ka tlase. Lipalesa tse tubular li 'mala oa lamunu ka malebela a sootho, theha mofuta oa convex. Mefuta e fapaneng ke ea pele. E thunya ho tloha qalong ea June ho bata. E khothalletsoa ho kuta.
Marigold o ne a le mosesane
Li-marigolds tsa Tagete tse bolelele ba 20-30 cm li bulehile, makhasi a tšesaane ebile a manyane haholo, a bophara ba cm cm, li-inflorescence tse se nang habeli. Lipalesa li 'mala o mosehla,' mala oa lamunu le bofubelu.
Li-marigold tsohle tse ka holimo ke li-thermophilic, li-Photophilous ebile li mamella komello haholo. Peo e kholo e nang le sebopeho sa lere e jaloa peo pejana ho Mphalane. Shots e hlaha kamora matsatsi a 5-8.
Lipeo, ka linako tse ling li se ntse li thunya, li lenngoe serapeng sa lipalesa kamora ho fela serame. Limela li mela ka potlako kamora ho hola, le ha e le lipalesa. Li thunya le serame, tseo marogo ohle a li ts'abang.
Marigold o ne a le mosesane. © Kor! AnMefuta e fapaneng
Khauta ea Khauta - Bush 40-50 cm e telele e kopane, e boreleli ebile e na le makala a mangata. Letlobo le lenyane, le boreleli, le botala bo botala. Makhasi a manyane, a arotsoe ka matlo a patisaneng. Li-inflorescence li nyane, bolelele ba 2,5-3 cm, lipalesa tse bonolo, tse lehlaka li boreleli, 'mala o mosehla o khanyang, lipalesa tsa tubular li nyane,' mala oa lamunu o nang le matheba a sootho mophethong oa matlooa a corolla. Mefuta e fapaneng ke ea pele. E thunya ho tloha qalong ea June ho bata. E khothalletsoa rabatok le meeli e phahameng.
Mofumahatsana ('Gnom') - Mabanta 20-25 cm, e melelele, e boreleli, e makhasi a makhasi. Letlobo le matla, le tšesaane ebile le le botala. Makhasi a manyane a nang le litselana tse moqotetsane tse moqotetsane. Li-inflorescences li nyane, bolelele ba 2-2,5 cm, li na le lipalesa tse 5 tse khanyang tsa lehlaka le 'mala o monyane oa li-tubular tse nyane, tsa lamunu. Mefuta e fapaneng ke ea pele. E thunya ho tloha qalong ea June ho bata. E sebelisoa haholo meeling, libetheng tsa lipalesa, litheolelo, li-massifs, li-vases, setso sa pitsa.
Lema ea Lemon ('Kemone ea Lemon') - Baskasi 28-16 cm e telele, sebopeho sa sephara. Limela li na le lipalesa haholo, li hlahisa lipalesa haholo. Li-inflorescence li bosehla bo bobebe ka tint ea lemone.
Maloetse le Likokoanyana
Monyetla o motle oa li-marigolds ke ho hana ha tsona likokoanyana le mafu. Phytoncides e sirelelitsoeng ke makhasi e tšosa likokoanyana, ho kenyeletsa le tse holisang mobu. Le ha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling ho na le leoto le letšo, bola bo botala, bola ea metso le motheo oa bakoang o bakoang ke mafu a bakoang ke vaerase le bacterode.
Marigolds. © Maja DumatKopo
Oli ea bohlokoa ea semela ke mosehla kapa amber, mobile, e nang le monko o monate oa lipalesa tse nang le lintlha tsa litholoana.Karolo e ka sehloohong ke Ocimen (50%); α-pinene, sabinene, myrcene, limononene, p-cymol, citral, linalool, p-terpinene mme ba bang le bona ba teng. Marigold oli ea bohlokoa e sebelisoa indastering ea litlolo, litlolo le li-distillery.
Ha ho pheha, marigold e sebelisoa linaheng tse ling tsa Latin America le Europe. Ena ke e 'ngoe ea linoko tse ratehang tsa cuisine ea Georgia, moo e bitsoang Imereti safrone. Li-basket tse omisitsoeng le tse tsoekere li sebelisetsoa lijo.
Marigolds e eketsoa ka li-appetizer ho tloha linaoa le meroho, lijana tse kenyelletsang walnuts. Spice ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea motsoako oa sopho.
Marigolds. © Alfred DiemLijana tsa bobeli tsa cuisine ea Georgia li tsamaea hantle le li-marigolds: fillet ea nama ea khomo ka har'a senoko sa langa le le lej, phepo e halikiloeng, tripe e halikiloeng le tamati. Li boetse li latsoetsoa ka lijana tse chesang tsa tlhapi. Empa monko o khethehileng le tatso li fana ka linoko lijana tse futhumetseng tsa likhoho: khoho e nang le linate, khoho ka sekotjana, khoho e halikiloeng. Li-saucus tsa Marigold li fana ka piquancy e ikhethang.
Ho tloha bongoaneng ke hopola marato a ntlo ea rona ea naha! Ke letsatsi, le letle. Ntate-moholo o ile a li sebelisa ka tsela e ikhethang, tsela e lebisang ntlong e lutse ka mahlakoreng a marigold, o tsamaea ka eona joalokaha eka u pota-potiloe ke mahlaseli a letsatsi, moholi oa phahama hanghang!
E emetse maikutlo a hau!
