Shallot: linepe, mefuta e sa tšoaneng, malebela a ho hola le tlhokomelo

Haufinyane tjena, makhooa a ile a ratoa haholo ke balemi ba lirapa ka lebaka la thepa ea bona le litšobotsi tse ntseng li hola naheng ea Ural le Siberia. Linaheng tsa Europe, haufi le kantle ho naha, Bochabela bo Hare le Caucasus, ba e rata le ho e holisa ka nako e telele. Pele ho tsohle, li-shallots li ratoa ka lebaka la litlolo tse nkhang hamonate, vithamine, bonolo le lero, ho butsoa ka thata le mariha kapele. E boreleli, e monate, ha e baka meokho ebile e fana ka lieie le tlhahiso e phahameng ke toro ea selemi se seng le se seng sa mofuta oa gourmet.

Tlhaloso le melemo ea mantlha ea shallots

Ona ke semela sa mofuta oa herbaceous sa perennial. fomu "lihlaha tsa lelapa", ka hona, ho batho hangata ho bitsoa "lelapa". Li-bulbs tsa eona tse honyenyane hanyane li na le boima ba ligrama tse 20 ho isa ho tse 50 le likala tse tšesaane. Masiba a bosootho bo botenya, a mosesaane ebile a hola ha morao haholo.

Ho fapana le eiee, li-shallots li na le li-solids tse ling, kahoo li loketse ho omisa. Ho fihlela lijalo tse ncha li ka bolokoa hantle maemong a kamoreng.

Melemo ea marang-rang:

1. Shallots e loketse ho hola fensetereng, kaha botala bo bongata bo fumanoa sehlopheng sa lijalo tse kopaneng.
2. Ho hlahisoa tlhahiso e phahameng ka lebaka la bongata ba sehla sa ligrama tse 150-300, moo ho ka thehoang bulbs ho fihla ho 10.
3. Ka potlako le bonolo bonolo.
4. E bolokoa nako e telele, ha e sa mela.
5. Ha e lahleheloe ke litšobotsi tsa eona bakeng sa likhoeli tse 8-12.
6. Ho omisa le ho tsofala ha makhasi pele ho nako ho sireletsa semela tšenong ka ho bola le ho ruruha ha sefuba.
7. Bolulo bo nang le botsoalle ba masiba qetellong ea lehlabula bo u fa monyetla oa hore u be le lieie e butsoitseng hantle ka hoetla.
8. Li-bulb li na le nako e khuts'oanyane ea ho hola, ka lebaka leo, e butsoa kapele.

Li-bulbs le shallots li na Lintho tse ngata tse thusang:

• Lintho tse nang le liminerale;
• asiti ea ascorbic;
• oli ea bohlokoa;
• letsoai la liminerale tsa phofo, phosphate, calcium, potasiamo;
• Li-vithamine tsa B;
• ho hloka botsitso;
• carotenoids.

Shallots e na le mokhoa oa ho ja le oa bongaka. Ka thuso ea eona, mafu a mang a mala le mahlo a alafuoa.

Mefuta e fapaneng ea shallots

Mefuta ea onion e fapana ka tatso, tekanyo ea makala, 'mala oa sekala le ho butsoa.

Macha a butsoitseng pele

1. "Belozerets 94" - semela se butsoa matsatsi a 75-85, se se se na le likhahla tse boima ba 20-27 g le tatso e bohale. Mmala oa sekae ke pherese, o nang le lilac hue. Mefuta e fapaneng e khothalletsoa hore e ka lengoa libakeng tsa North Caucasus.
2. "Baskete ea Vitamin" - bulbs e na le tatso e matla le boima ba ligrama tse 30. Masiba a matala a mofuta ona o butsoa ka matsatsi a 18- 22, ho beha makhasi ho qala matsatsi a 70 kamora ho mela. Boleng ba ho boloka bo phahame. Ho fumana masiba a matala nakong ea hoetla-mariha, semela se ka lengoa ka tlung.
3. Emerald - mefuta e nang le litholoana e nang le tatso e bohale, 'mala o tšoeu le bulb e chitja. Lihlooho tsa 3-4 li hola sehlaheng, 'me boima ba tsona bo ka ba ligrama tse 22. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e holisoa e le moetlo oa mefuta e 'meli. E ka bolokoa ntle le tahlehelo ea boleng ho isa ho likhoeli tse 10.
4. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea "lelapa" e khetholloa ke bulbs tse pota-potileng ho fihlela ho tse 4 sehlaheng, tatso e bohale le bohale bo bosootho bo pherese. Boima ba hlooho ka 'ngoe bo tsoa ho ligrama tse 18 ho isa ho 25. E holile e le moetlo oa mefuta e 'meli. Ho kula ha ho amehe.
5. "Cascade" - mefuta e fapaneng e nang le tatso e bohale le bulbs tse bopehileng joaloka lehe tse nang le sekala se pinki. Ho na le lihlooho tse 5-6 sehlaheng, 'me e' ngoe le e 'ngoe ea tsona e ka ba boima ba ligrama tse 35. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e lengoa ho sevka e le moetlo oa mefuta e 'meli. E bolokiloe nako e telele ntle le tahlehelo ea litšoaneleho tse ntle.

Mefuta e bohareng ea selemo

1. Albik - e fapaneng le nako ea limela ka matsatsi a 62, tlhahiso e phahameng le boleng ba ho boloka. Li-bulb tse nang le sefapano se nang le bolelele bo ka ba le ligrama tse 30 le sekala se mosehla. Ho tloha ho lihlooho tse 3 ho isa ho tse 8 hangata li etsoa sehlaheng.
2. "Bonnilla F 1" e bua ka mefuta e fapaneng le tatso e bobebe ea halofo ebile e na le nako ea ho hola ea matsatsi a 82-87. Ho na le lihlooho tse fetang tse 'ne ka sehlaheng,' me boima ba tsona bo ka ba ligrama tse 40. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e fana ka kotulo e tsitsitseng ea bulbs le litlama, e bolokiloe hantle mme e ka hola sebakeng se le seng ho fihlela lilemo tse hlano.
3. "Guaranteed" ke mofuta o fapaneng oa peninsular o nang le lihlooho tse pota-potileng le nako ea ho hola ea matsatsi a ka bang 50. Bongata ba bulbs, boo ka sehlaheng ho tloha ho likoto tse 3 ho isa ho tse 10, bo ka fihlelang ligrama tse 32. Mohato o khothalletsoa hore o ka lengoa mobung o bulehileng o koalehileng bakeng sa ho amohela bulbs le meroho.
4. "Earle" - Mofuta o hlahisang hantle haholo o nang le nako ea ho lema ho fihlela matsatsi a 58. Ho tloha ho 4 ho isa ho 10 bulbs tse pota-potileng ka boima ba ligrama tse 2540 li thehoa sehlaheng. Setso se ka lengoa sebakeng leha e le sefe. Mefuta e fapaneng e hana ho bola le ho thunya, e bolokiloe hantle 'me e loketse mochine o hloekisang.
5. "Chapaevsky" - meru ea tšebeliso ea bokahohle, nako ea ho hola eo matsatsi a 66 e leng eona. Li-bulb tse halikiloeng li na le boima ba ligrama tse 40 le sekala se pherese se bobebe. 5-8 lihlooho li thehoa sehlaheng. Mefuta e mengata ha e anngoe ke peronosporosis, e bolokiloe nako e telele ebile e bolokiloe nako e telele, e loketse ho lengoa sebakeng sa Central Earth Earth.

Li-shallots tsa bohareng ba mariha

1. "Qhobosheane" - mofuta oa peninsular o nang le li-bulb tse oval le nako ea limela ka matsatsi a 80-95. Li-bulbs tse boima ba ligrama tse 52 li na le sekala se pinki, li loantšana le ho bola le ho thunya. Sekolo se phahameng sa ho boloka se loketse ho jala mariha. E khothalelitsoe ho lengoa libakeng tsohle tsa naha.
2. "Amber ea Siberian" ke moetlo oa lilemo tse peli o loketseng ho hola mapolasing a hae. Nako ea ho hola ea mefuta e fapaneng ke matsatsi a 55-60. Li-bulbs tse halikiloeng li na le boima ba ligrama tse 28-30 le sekala sa 'mala oa lamunu. Ka sehlaheng ho tloha ho 6 ho isa ho 8 bulbs.
3. Ural Purple - mofuta oa peninsular o nang le sekala se 'mala o boputsoa bo bofubelu. E loketseng bakeng sa ho hola li-onion turnips. Boima ba hlooho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe bo fihla ho ligrama tse 58. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e jala limela, e loantšana le ho bola le ho thunya. E khothalelitsoe ho lengoa libakeng tsohle tsa naha.

Likarolo tsa shallots tse holang

Ho lema sejalo, ho hlokahala mobu o nonneng o nonneng, o bonolo o sa hlokeng karabelo. Balemi ba lirapa ba nang le boiphihlelo ba khothaletsa ho lema eiee ka mor'a likomkomere, tamati, litapole, hop kapa linaoa.

Pele o lema bulbs, ho kgothaletswa ho khetholla le ho sebetsa ka mokhoa oa ho bola. Maemong ana, limela li ke ke tsa angoa ke likokoanyana le mafu.

Sebaka sa mela ho latela boholo ba lintho tse jalang:

• 20-30 cm bakeng sa bulbs tse kholo;
• 15-18 - bakeng sa karolelano;
• 8-10 - bakeng sa tse nyane.

Khafetsa, ho jala lieie ha e khothalletsoe, hobane boholo ba sejalo se tlang bo latela sebaka sa phepo.

Pele u lema, libethe li etsoa ka libethe Methapo e tebileng ea cm 5-6e qhalanang hantle empa e sa bake. Limela tse lenngoeng tse fafalitsoeng ka lisenthimithara tse 2-3 tsa lefatše. Ha u lema, ho lokela ho hopoloa hore ka ho tebisa ho matla, ho hlaha ha lipeo ho tla lieha.

Ho jala lieie ka selemo

Shallots lokela ho a lema mathoasong a selemo. Semela, se lenngoeng hoetla kapa nakong ea hoetla, ha se buoe nako e telele ebile se bolokiloe hantle.

Bakeng sa ho lema, qetellong ea Mphalane-qalong ea Mots'eanong ho loketse hantle. Ka nako ena, mobu o se o futhumetse hantle mme ho na le mongobo o lekaneng ho ona hore lipeo li ka mela. Ho tla hlaha metsu nakong ea matsatsi a 10-14.

Ha ho lema meroho ho elella bofelong ba selemo, ha mobu o omme mme mocheso oa lona o phahame, lipeo li ka hlaha feela kamora matsatsi a 20-30. Mobu o omelletseng nakong ea mocheso o chesang makhasi a hola ka potlakoho feta metso, mokhoa oa ho holisa oa photoperiodic o khathatsehile, ka lebaka leo bulbs ha e na nako ea ho butsoa.

Ho jala lieie ka hoetla

Kaha u khethile mefuta e hanyetsoeng ke serame ka liphesente tse tlase tsa ho thunya, lilemong tse mashome a mabeli kapa tse tharo tsa Loetse u ka jala li-shallots bakeng sa mariha.

Melemo ea ho jala ka hoetla:

• polokelo ea thepa ea ho jala ha e hlokoe;
• ha ho bapisoa le ho lema nakong ea selemo, makhasi a butsoitse pejana ka matsatsi a 10-12;
• lijalo tse metse ka hoetla li sebelisa mehloli ea selemo ea mobu mongobo hantle;
• ho kotula meroho ho ka etsahala halofo ea pele ea June.

Tlhokomelo ea Shallot

Moetlo ha o hloke ho nosetsoa khafetsa. Boemong ba leholimo bo ommeng, hoa hlokahala ho netefatsa hore onion e nosetsoa ha letlobo le hlaha, ke hore, qetellong ea Mots'eanong. Ka karolelano, ha ho hlokahale hore ho be le metsi a fetang a mararo ka nako e le 'ngoe.

Nakong ea kholo e sebetsang pakeng tsa mela e lokela ho tlosa lehola le ho lema. Ka kholo ea makhasi, sena se tla thusa ho senya mahe a onion fofa.

Shallot o rata ho apara holimo, e khothalletsoang hore e etsoe bohareng ba Mphalane. Ho etsa sena, o ka sebelisa li-fallpings tsa linonyana (1: 15), infusion ea manyolo (1: 10) kapa manyolo a liminerale (ligrama tse 40 ka ho ya ka lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi).

Ho etsa bulbs e le kholo, khaola lihlaha mathoasong a Phupu, ho tlosa lithutsoana tse peli kapa tse tharo ka botlaloba siea ba bararo ho isa ho ba bane ho butsoa. Ho nosetsa le ho fepa limela nakong ena ea nako ha ho khothalletsoe. Ka phepo e matla le mongobo bohareng ba lehlabula, ho tla hlahisoa makhasi feela, 'me bulbs e tla mela hampe.

Ho fihlela metsu e hola ho fihla ho lisenthimithara tse 10, e lokela ho ba e robehile ha e tsoa mokhoabong. Ho seng joalo, ke mohloa feela o tla tsoela pele ho hola.

Ho kotula le ho boloka li-shallots

Qetellong ea lilemo tse leshome tsa pele tsa Phupu ka mefuta ea pele e butsoang, mme mathoasong a Phato ka bohareng ba ho mela le bohareng ba mosetare, makhasi a qala ho robala. Ena ke pontšo ea kotulo, ho lieha ha eona ho ka lebisang phokotso ea bophelo ba lishelefo.

Ho kotula mefuta e sa tsoa butsoa e lokela ho ba qetellong ea lilemo tse leshome tsa Phupu, le mefuta e setseng - ka lemo tse leshome tsa pele tsa Phato. Shallot ke semela se tieang, ka hona, ha ho kgothaletswe ho siea letlobo le chekiloeng khanyeng e bulehileng ea letsatsi. Ho molemo ho omisa sejalo tlasa canopy e itseng.

Nakong ea selemo, sejalo se tla boloka litšobotsi tsa sona tsa bohlokoa ha li bolokiloe mongobo oa 60-70% le ka mocheso ho tloha 0C ho isa + 10C. Ho lema lijalo ho lokela ho bolokoa ka mocheso o phahameng ho fihlela ho + 20С.

Ka lebaka la eiee e nyane e monate haholo le meroho e menyenyane ea pele, li-shallots li ananeloa lefats'e ka bophara. Ntle le moo, moetlo o tšoauoa ka thepa e phahameng ea ho ja le litso tsa bongaka, tse fetang hole li-onips. Shallot ke senoko se ratoang haholo lijong tsa French. E sebelisoa lijong ka mokhoa o mocha le o khethiloeng, hammoho le linoko tsa nama, likhoho, sopho, lisose.