Guayava (Psidium guajava) mofuta oa limela tse nang le mapolanka tsa mofuta oa Psidium (kapa Guava) oa lelapa la myrtle, tseo myrtle, e leng feijoa le eucalyptus li tsejoang ke batho ba bangata. Lifate tsena li tsoa Amerika Boroa le Amerika Bohareng. E 'ngoe ea litšupiso tsa pele mabapi le semela sena e entsoe ke Pedro Cieza de Leon bukeng ea "Chronicle of Peru" kapa "Peruvian Chronicle."
Ntle le moo, ho na le liphaenapole, li-guavas, li-guavas (inga), li-guanavans (annona), li-avocados le mefuta e mengata ea li-currants, tse nang le li-peels tse monate, chrysophyllums (caymitos) le plums.
- Cieza de Leon, Pedro. Pale ea Peru. Karolo ea pele. Khaolo ea xxvii
Guayava, litholoana. © Sakurai MidoriGuayava - e lulang e le setala nako le nako, ka linako tse ling e le li-semi-deciduous tse nang le makala a pharalletseng a bophahamo ba limithara tse 3-4, empa li ka ba bolelele ba limithara tse mashome a mabeli. Li na le 'mala o boreleli o pherese kapa o bosootho bo botala, ka linako tse ling o koahetsoeng ke mapetso. Makhasi a koaetsoe ka tlase hanyane hanyane, a koahetsoe ka holimo, botala bo lefifi.
Lipalesa ha li na masoha kapa li hlophisitsoe ka li-axils tsa makhasi tse nang le likhahla tse 4-5. E boreleli, e bosoeu bo bosoeu kapa e tšoeu, e bophara ba 2,5 cm, e nang le li-stamens tse 'mala o mosehla kapa o botala bo bosehla. Lipalesa makhetlo a 1-2 ka selemo. Ho na le mefuta ea mefuta-futa ea limela-le peo ea limela e phallang. Linotsi tsa mahe a linotsi ke e 'ngoe ea lisosa tse ka sehloohong tsa peo e phofo.
Litholoana li pota-potile, li-oval kapa tse bopehileng joaloka pere, li na le monko o bobebe oa musky, ka linako tse ling o le matla haholo. Mmala oa letlalo le tšesaane la lesea le ka fetoloa ka 'mala o mosehla, o mosehla o khanyang, o mofubelu, o bosoeu bo botala kapa o motala. Boholo ba litholoana tsa lijalo tse fapaneng tse lenngoeng ka karolelano li nka ligrama tse 70 ho isa ho tse 160, bolelele - 4-6,5 cm, bophara - cm cm 5. Lepula la litholoana le tloha ho o mosoeu ho isa ho o mofubelu o khanyang, o tlatsitsoeng ka peo e thata ho fihla ho 3 mm bolelele.
Guayava, litholoana. © Forest le Kim StarrSefate sa batho ba baholo sa Guayaia se fana ka litholoana tsa li-kilos tse lekholo ho lijalo tse kholo, le tse nyane haholo ho tse latelang. Ho butsoa ho etsahala matsatsi a 90-150 kamora ho thunya.
Temo ea Guayava
Guayava e tloaelehileng ha e inehele mobu, empa e hola hantle mme e beha litholoana mobung o nonneng o nonneng, e rata mongobo. E ka lengoa ka libekeng tse nyane le lijaneng maemong a kantle. Mariha, guayava e kena nakong ea mariha ha thempereichara e theohela ho + 5 ... + 8 ° C, ka hona e ka beoa kamoreng e pholileng. Ka ho qala ha matsatsi a futhumetseng a letsatsi ka Hlakubele, li-guaya li tlameha ho fetisetsoa veranda kapa foranteng ebe li nosetsoa hantle e le hore e qale limela. Ka Mphalane le Mots'eanong, ha serame se feta, e ka ntšoa ka ntle jareteng 'me ea beoa sebakeng se futhumetseng se chesang letsatsi.
Guayava seedling. © DavidalsKa June, lithunthung tsa guayava li thunya ka lipalesa tse tšoeu tsa stamen mme li qala ho tlama litholoana ka boholo ba ciliegia. Ka Phato le Loetse, litholoana lia eketseha ebe li qala ho butsoa: pele li fetoha pinki, 'me li kholo ka botlalo - bofubelu bo lefifi. Litholoana li na le liprotheine, mafura, lik'habohaedreite, pectin, carotene, livithamini tse ngata le lintho tse ling tse molemo. Bakeng sa liphekolo, li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa kalafo ea gastritis e sa foleng.
Ha u lema semela ka sekontiri, ho bohlokoa ho etsa sekoti bakeng sa litšila tsa metsi, 'me liphaephe li lokela ho koaheloa ka sekala sa cm cm 5. Ebe sejana se tlatsitsoe ka motsoako o bobebe oa mobu o nonneng: likarolo tse 3 tsa mobu o nonneng oa li-humus kapa karolo e le' ngoe ea lehlabathe.
Guayava e jaliloeng ke peo e hlokang ho bokelloa kamora ho mela le ho jaloa hang-hang, hammoho le li-cutlets tse tala le tse sehiloeng. Ho tloha lipeo e qala ho beha litholoana ka selemo sa bohlano, le ho tloha ho li-cutlets le li-cuttings ka karolo ea boraro. Guayava ha e senyehe ke likokonyana le maloetse, ea hola 'me ka seatla se bulehileng e beha litholoana ho isa ho lilemo tse 30 ho isa ho tse 40. E hloka ho tseteloa ka mora lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse peli ka nkhong e kholo ka keketso ea metsoako e mobu e nonneng.
Guayava seedling. © davidHo na le mefuta e meng ea li-guayaia (tse hlahisoang ke perela, Guinean, monko o monate, tse hlahisoang ke liapole) le tsona li ka holisoa ka lijaneng, le ha tse ling tsa tsona li thunya li bile li beha litholoana ka seoelo tlasa maemo ana (li rata mocheso haholo hape li beha lijalo feela libakeng tse futhumetseng tse futhumetseng le li-greenhouse, hobane bakeng sa katleho kholo le ho beha litholoana ba hloka mocheso oa + 25 ... + 28 ° C le mabone a matle). Ka tloaelo, mefuta ena e qala ho beha litholoana ho tsoa lipeo ka selemo sa bosupa, ho tloha ho layering - ho isa ho ea bone, le tsona li rata mobu o mongobo le o bobebe o nonneng.
Ho tsoa litholoana tsa mefuta eohle ea guava, li-compotes, li-boloka, li-marmalade, li-jams li lokisitsoe, hape li jeoa li le tala.
