Kaha u khethile mofuta oa jarete ea majoe eo u ikemiselitseng ho e haha sebakeng sa hau sa marang-rang, u hloka ho nahana ka hloko hore na u tla lema lijalo life ho tsona. Ho na le mabitso a mangata a limela tse loketseng li-rockeries, ka hona, o batla ho bala libuka le likhatiso tsa libaka, ngola mabitso ao u a ratang bukeng e ikhethang ebe u leka ho a beha lenaneong la setšoantšo.
Ha u khetha limela bakeng sa rocariya, motho o lokela ho nahana ka nako ea lipalesa, mmala le sebopeho sa lipalesa, makhasi le litholoana, bolelele ba limela nakong ea lipalesa, haholoholo sekhahla sa kholo.
E 'ngoe ea lintlha tse khethollang ha u khetha limela bakeng sa rocari ke khanya ea eona. A re hopoleng hape hore pele re lema limela sebakeng sa rockery, ho bohlokoa ho etsa mohopolo o hlakileng oa leseli la likarolo tsohle tsa eona, ho nka tlaleho ea hora ka ntlha ena le ho tseba libaka tse boneselitsoeng haholo le tse moriti nakong ea letsatsi. Ke feela ka mor'a sena moo limela li lokelang ho ajoa ho latela tekanyo ea ho nepahala ha tsona bakeng sa khanya.
Litšoantšo le mabitso a limela bakeng sa rocariya, hammoho le litlhahiso mabapi le ho lema ha tsona li hlahisitsoe sehloohong sena.
Limela tse matlafatsang le tse nkang nako e telele bakeng sa li-rockeries (ka setšoantšo)
Motheo oa sebopeho sa jarete ea majoe sebakeng se bulehileng hangata e entsoe ka limela le lihlahla tse tsoang libakeng tse nang le mafika a tloaelehileng: juniper e tloaelehileng, phaene ea thaba, capra's honeysuckle, rosemary ea bongaka, cotoneaster e ratehang, joalo-joalo, e emeloang kajeno ke mefuta e mengata ea mekhabiso e ntlafalitsoeng ka katleho ke litsi tsa malapa le tsa kantle ho naha. le lirapa tsa limela.
Ho limela tse matlafatsang tsa masimong a majoe a letsatsi, li rata ho ja haholo:
Thunberg oa mokhubelu o monyane oa "Atropurpurea Nana"
"Bagatelle"
"Bonanza Khauta"
Spirea ea Majapane "Khosatsana"
"Ntoa ea Majapane"
Cotoneaster e potoloha, e mesesaane, e mekato e 'meli, Dammer, jj.
Ho tloha ho li-conifers bakeng sa rockeries ho tla lekana:
Pine ea thaba le mefuta ea eona e pharalletseng "Mops", "Ophir", "Khauta ea Mariha"
Thuja bophirima le mefuta ea eona e mengata "Hoseri", "Teddy", "Woodwardii"
Prostrate le mefuta e hahabang ea junipers:
"Wiltonii" e otlolohileng
Liea "Nana"
Cossack "Khokhar"
"Variegata"
Scaly "Blue Carpet"
"Blue Star"
Mefuta e hahabang ea li-conifers tse lenngoeng mothating oa rockery kapa ka holim'a majoe e shebahala e le kholo, moo ho neng ho le joalo e leketlile ho tloha majoeng. Mefuta ea li-conifers tsa Columnar e tsoteha haholo serapeng se majoe, e beha li-accents tse ikhethang.
Lifoto tsena li bonts'a li-rockeries tse ntle le li-conifers:
Assortment e tlatsana le joang bo mamellehang ba komello ea komello ea selemo le selemo. Ho lokela ho hopoloa hore libaka tse bonesitsoeng haholo, ha e le molao, li tla omella. Har'a limela tse mamellang likotlo hape tse nang le komello tse loketseng ho lema ka li-rockery, re ka khothaletsa ho ts'oaroa ha marulelo, majoe a tloaelehileng, li-blueheads, mohloa, li-yarrow tse tloaelehileng, lehlabathe la cumin, creme ea thyme, Dubrovnik e soetsoeng, lavender e moqotetsane, mohloaare le lejoe. mabapi le lipalesa, hoa khoneha ho boloka thepa ea ho khabisa ea serapa se majoe ho tloha qalong ea selemo ho fihlela hoetla.
Mathoasong a selemo, "aurex" e jang lipalesa, likoena, lipalesa tsa Iberis tse lulang li thunya, palesa ea cucrus ea Caucasian.
Ka Mphalane, phlox e nang le sebopeho sa awl, sonobolomo ea Apennine le lefika la alyssum li tla eketsa mebala e khanyang.
Ka Mots'eanong, lihlopha tse makatsang ka ho fetisisa li-rockeries tsa letsatsi li emeloa ke li-clove tsa li-pinnate, sutu ea Biberstein, Iberis e hatisitsoeng, li-beetroot tse prickly, basil-leaved, shrub raspberry, jj.
Hlabula, li-carnations tse thunya, knifofiya, purslane, verbena, primrose ea mantsiboea, wort ea St. John le ba bang ba tla bua ka mokhoa o hlakileng.
Ka hoetla, jarete e nang le majoe e tla hohela tlhokomelo ka lipalesa tse pheta-phetang tsa lobularia, phlox e bopehileng joaloka awl, silenas, hammoho le ceratostigma ea hoetla, lipalesa tse ntle tsa litholoana - li-coconeaster, holly magonia, jj.
Nako eohle ea selemo, mefuta e mengata ea majoe a majoe a majoe a hantle libakeng tsa rockeries, tse nyane, tse hloekisang Byzantine.
Ho etsa hore rockery e shebahale e le ea tlhaho ebile e le ntle, ha u khetha, u lokela ho khetha limela tse lumellanang le karolo ena ea ho shebahala hoa naha ka setaele. Ha ho amohelehe ho beha lijalo tsa lipalesa tse kholo, tse tlokomang joaloka lipalesa tse tla qabana ka sebopeho sa lejoe. Limela li loketse haholoanyane, tseo tlhaho ea tsona e nang le libaka tsa lithaba, libaka tse majoe, lehlabathe le libaka tse omileng, matsoapo a letsoai kapa a chalky, mabone a bobebe, meru e bobebe, jj. Ho tla ba bonolo ho bona hore ba simolohe lirapeng tsa majoe ebe ba etsa sebopeho se le seng, se tšoarellang.
Microbiota, yews, tsuga ea Canada, mefuta e fapaneng le mefuta ea li-junipers e tla ba loketseng rockery ho penumbra ho tloha li-conifers; ho tloha ka mehla o lula o le motenya - ho le mariha bohareng ba Russia, holly e boreleli, boxwood e lula e le setala, holly magonia, viburnum; ea sekoaelo sa fatše - tiarella, heichera, primrose, ferns, tradgcia tradescantia, frangipani, khōla e arohaneng, e hahabang e le lets'ollo, li-warts, dushenia ea India. E ntle ho penumbra rocariya e rekile monko o monate, o monate, onion ea beri, geranium e kholo-rhizome, bolila, coltsfoot, ferns.
Bona kamoo li-rockeries tse tsoakiloeng ka mokhoa o makatsang le li-conifers litšoantšong tsena li:
Haeba sebaka sa jarete e nang le majoe se ntse se khethiloe moriting, joale assortment ea limela e nyane. Ho feta moo, libaka tse moriti li khetholla 'mala oa motsoako oo kaofela. Li-ferns tse fapaneng, mabotho, geranium e kholo ea motso le limela tse ling tse mamellang moriti li tla busa ho eona. Bo-mosesane ba hola hantle moriting. Haeba u sebelisitse lehlabathe le letsoalo kapa lejoe la mokoetla, joale haufinyane majoe ana a tla fetoha botala ebe a "hola" ho ba moralo oa naha.
Serapeng se nang le majoe, ho molemo ho lahla lihlahla tse thunyang, kaha li tla shebahala li le haufi le majoe.
Ha u khetha limela bakeng sa li-rockeries, motho ha aa lokela ho loanela mefuta e mengata e fapaneng. Ka slide ea 10 m2 ho ke ke ha khonahala ho beha mefuta e metle ho feta 12-15. Likhaolo tse botala li shebahala hantle feela ha mefuta e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e abeloa sebaka sa 0,8-1.2 m2. Haeba ho na le limela tse ngata, rockery e fetoha pokello e tla hohela thahasello ho tsoa ho baatlelete le litsebi feela.
Haeba rockery e le haufi le letamo kapa sebakeng se mongobo, joale ho molemo ho lema limela tse ratang mongobo ho eona.
Kajeno libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bana, mabenkele a ikhethang ho na le khetho e kholo ea limela tsa sekoahelo sa kantle ho naha, ntle le eona ho ka se khonehe ho theha rockery e ntle. Ha u khetha limela bakeng sa seratsoana se majoe sa ka moso, ho molemo ho lahla litoro tsa feshene tsa hona joale tsa li-white-fringed, periwinkle tse kholo le tse nyane, mefuta e meng ea asiti ea acid, e mabifi haholo.
Li-perennials tsa Herbaceous tse sa hlahiseng boea bo pharalletseng (bo ntseng bo eketseha bo le mong kapa bo le sehlopha se senyenyane), hangata li amana le limela tse khabisitsoeng ka mekhabiso, tse nkang karolo ea babusi ba nakoana ba nakoana, ho tsosa li-rockeries le ho koahela likarolo tse sa atleheng tsa sebopeho lehlabula.
Li lenngoe haufi le majoe, manonyeletsong le botlaaseng ba matangoana. Limela tsa mofuta ona ha lia lokela ho pepesa likarolo tse hlollang tsa rockery. Mehlare e meholo ea limela tsa herbaceous tse kholo li lenngoa hang kamora ho beoa ha semela sa patsi. Bakeng sa lirapa tse kholo tsa majoe lia hlokahala, bakeng sa tse nyane - ha li hlokehe ho hang.
Limela li molemo ho reka ka metso e koetsoeng. Ebe li ka kenngoa litsing tsa bona tsa kholo ea bokamoso hantle ka lipitseng.
Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong, limela tsohle tse lulang li-rockery li beoa e le hore ho be bonolo ho nosetsa, mahola, ho lema le ho li nka:
Haeba seratsoana sa hau sa majoe se le ka sejaneng, khetho ea majoe le limela e lokela ho ba hlokolosi haholo. Hoa hlokahala ho khetha limela tse joalo e le hore li ka rata ho nkuoa li le haufi. Bakeng sa sena, gentians, saxifrages, bacha, majoe a majoe joalo-joalo li loketse.
Se latelang ke tlhaloso ea setulo sa lipalesa le limela tse ling libakeng tsa rockeries, litšoantšo tsa bona le mabitso a hlahisoa.
Qeto ea sebaka sa semela libakeng tsa rockeries
Ntlha ea bohlokoa ha u lema limela ka har'a rockery ke ho tseba setulo se loketseng.
Ha u lema lipalesa le limela tse ling bakeng sa rockery, mefuta e latelang ea litulo e khetholloa: terata, lesoba, molatsoana, letsoalo, lejoe.
Tšisinyeho - sethala se otlolohileng kapa se nang le tšekamelo e nang le methapo, joalo ka molao, se bonesitse ka ho lekaneng ebile se mongobo haholoanyane. E sebelisoa masimong a maholo a majoe bakeng sa ho lema lijalo tse kholo haholo tsa limela tse sa hlahiseng clumps (chrysanthemum, e phallang ka bongata mullein, campanula, mohloa o nang le mohloa, gentian e mosehla), perennials ea limela tse tsoakiloeng li etsa li-clumps (li nkile monko o monate, mori oa limela, gingerbread e tloaelehileng, gingerbread e tloaelehileng , lehlabathe la kumine), limela tse koahelang lefatše (limela tse halikang, tse nang le tsebo ea litlhare, li-thyme tse hahang, dubrovnik e tšoeu e nang le leved, frangipani e ntšo e nang le li-primrose ho bapatsa, jj.).
Hole - "pokotho" ea letsopa kapa terata e khuts'oane e patiloeng pakeng tsa majoe ha e beoa. E tšoauoa ka ho itšehla thajana, tšireletseho, draina e ntle. E loketseng haholo bakeng sa ho lema limela tse sa tloaelehang, hammoho le limela tse nyane tse ratang mocheso (rosemary, lavender, sagender ea bongaka), ephemeroids (tulip, daffodil, hyacinth, selemo chive, primrose, onion goose, safroni).
Cleft - lekhalo le patisaneng haholo ka lehare kapa ka kotloloho pakeng tsa majoe, matlapa a pina, leboteng la masonry a omileng. E loketse molemong oa ho lema mefuta ea majoe le limela tse sa mameleng ho sesa metsi a mangata (marulelo a manyane, li-thyme tse jang litlhapi, samente ea lehlabathe, likhofu tse tenang, lithotse tse nang le joang, Dubrovnik e tšoeu, boroko bo loileng. Ho li-crevices, cymbalaria, Centrantuse le wort ea St. John li rata ho hola.
Pente - sebaka se sekametseng (ka lehlakoreng le sa feteng 45 °) la lefika, se sa behoang ka lejoe. Sena ha se sebaka se loketseng haholo bakeng sa ho lema lijalo. Leha ho le joalo, ho thibela ho tšolloa ha mobu, sekoahelo sa mobu le mefuta e meng e nang le metso ea metso kapa e tlohelang haholo metso ea metso kapa likhofu, letlobo le metseng (li-thyme tse nang le lesapo, rosemary, lavender, noha ea Moldavian, li-prickly artichoke, 'mala o harelang le' metso oa marasmus, li lokela ho lengoa mona. , Lebese le tšoeu la Dubrovnik, jj.). Literateng tsa lehlabula, majoe a fapaneng a majoe, mesembryantemum, a "phalla" joalokaha eka a "phalla".
Mefuta e meng ea majoe e tšoauoa ka porosity (sandstone, calcareous tuff) mme e loketse limela tse holang.
Bakeng sa ho lema, hangata ba etsa li-recesses, tse tlatsitsoeng ka substrate ea mobu, mme ba jala peo kapa lipeo tse nyane tsa limela tsa limela tsa herbaceous (marulelo a manyane, majoe a majoe a majoe, li-thyme), empa ka linako tse ling, haholo-holo Asia Boroa-bochabela, o ka bona le phaene ka lejoe.
Lipalesa tse ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa li-rockeries li bontšoa lifotong tsena:
Ho lokisa mobu le ho lema libakeng tsa rockeries
Pele u jala limela libakeng tsa rockeries, ho hlokahala hore ho lokisoe mobu pele ho nako. Litlhoko tsa maemo a mobu ho lijalo, joalo ka molao, li fapana haholo ka hona, pele o lema mofuta o mong le o mong, ho hlokahala hore o ithute lingoliloeng tse ikhethang le ho fumana seo a se ratang.
Kahoo, li-thyme le li-groats li hloka mobu oa "alkaline" (pH 6.5 - 8). Ha e le se kenyelletsang, u ka sebelisa liminerale tsa calcareous kapa alkaline, litefiso tse ntle tsa lejoe la mokoetla tse nang le boholo ba lijo-thollo ho fihlela ho 8-10 mm, lejoe le sithabetseng le lehlabathe la alkaline li loketse. Li-hostele le li-warts li mela hantle mobung o tebileng o nang le lintho tsa manyolo. Heather, Erica, rhododendrons - barati ba mobu o nang le acidic. Bakeng sa ho qetela, substrate e etsoa ka ho kopanya mobu oa jarete, peat, lehlabathe la quartz le linale tse potiloeng ka karolelano ea 2: 2: 1: 1 (pH 4.5 -5.5).
Bongata ba limela tsa rockeries bo rata substrate e haulang, e fumanehang hantle moeeng le metsing, e nang le lintho tse nyane. E hlophisoa ka ho kopanya mobu oa turf le lehlabathe le mahoashe kapa lehlohlojane hantle ka karolelano ea 2: 1 kapa ho kopanya mobu oa jareteng, lejoe le sithabetseng le manyolo ka tekanyo ea 3: 2: 1.
Ha u lema limela, li latela molao-motheo ho tloha ho o moholo ho isa ho o monyane, ke hore, qalong li jala mefuta e menyenyane ea lifate, ebe - lihlahla le sethala sa ho qetela - limela tse fapaneng tsa limela.
Kamora ho nka qeto mabapi le sebaka sa lifate tse kopaneng le tse matla, bakeng sa semela se seng le se seng setulo se hlophisitsoe ka bonyane ba 10 l le botebo ba cm 30 - 40. Se natefisitsoe ka substrate ea mobu le mefuta ea lifate e lemiloe, e etsa selikalikoe bakeng sa nosetso, e lokelang ho ba le bonyane 10 l metsi.
Sebaka se behelang semela se itseng, ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko bokhoni ba eona ba ho hola, empa ho fihlela katleho e kholo, etsa masimong a tiileng kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang, o laole bophara ba ona hamorao.
Limela tse lenngoeng libakeng tsa rocker - matsoapo a lithaba, linoka tse omeletseng, li hloka tlhokomelo e khethehileng ho fihlela li mela. Ka linako tse ling bakeng sa nako ea ho mela ha tsona, liboto li kenngoa matsoapong, tse hatakeloang mobung e le ho thibela khoholeho ea mobu le tlhahiso ea metso. Ho rarolla bothata bona, ho loants'oa linaoa ka lichifi tsa patsi, likhetla, joalo-joalo ho sebelisoa hape, ebe mulch e tlosoa.
Kamora ho lema lijalo li-rockeries, li nosetsoa hantle ka likarolo tse nyane tsa metsi. Ka nako e ts'oanang, mefuta ea lifate e nosetsoa ka thoko ho sesebelisoa sa ho nosetsa, e tlatsa liliba ka metsi le ho etsa bonnete ba hore likarolo tsa mekoti ha li senyehe.
Li-perennials tsa Herbaceous li lenngoe mobung o seng o ntse o lokisitsoe oa mobu.
Ha ho theha meralo ea limela libakeng tsa rockeries, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka bolelele ba lipalesa tsa limela, 'mala oa lipalesa, inflorescence, litholoana, mmala le sebopeho sa makhasi, bophahamo ba limela nakong ea lipalesa, haholoholo sekhahla sa kholo. Pele o lema semela sebakeng se sa feleng, nahana ka hloko hore na se tla kopantsoe joang ho hlophisoa le baahisani ba sona.
Ho tloha limela tse holang tse fokolang, o ka etsa lipina tse ratoang tse bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa lirapa tsa majoe. Haeba lipina li ntse li hola haholo, joale ho li hlokomela le ho li boloka maemong a itseng, ho hlokahala tlhokomelo e matla le ho feta.
Fans ea libaka tsa majoe, e sa khone ho hlophisa rockery ea 'nete, e kanna ea khotsofatsoa ke minform. Ho tla ba bonolo ho fumana sebaka sa 'mino o monyane o nang le bophara ba limithara tse ka bang mithara,' me 'mino oa minique o ka har'a sets'oants'o o ka fetisoa. Ho hlakile hore majoe a manyane le limela tse makatsang li lokela ho khethoa bakeng sa rockery e joalo.
E 'ngoe ea likhetho tsa mantlha tsa moralo oa mofuta oa majoe a manyane a lebisang tlhokomelo molemong oa lijo e ka ba "salad rockery". Mona parsley curly var. crispum, onion e pota-potileng, lefika onion, mosetare, saxifrage thipa, creme thyme, jareteng marjoram, oregano "Compactum".
Melao ea ho beha limela libakeng tsa rockeries:
- Bolelele ba limela bo lokela ho lumellana le boholo ba rockeryies: libakeng tse kholo tsa rockeries, hoa lumelloa ho sebelisa limela tse nang le bolelele ba 200 cm, bohareng - 50 - 70 cm, ka bonyane - 20 - 30 cm.
- Limela tse kholo, tse holang ka potlako li beoa hole ho tloha pheletsong e ka pele, mahlakoreng a leralla, kamorao kapa ka morao; lijalo tse nyane tse ka hoallang ntle ha li lenngoe haufi le tsona.
- Limela tse holang hanyane, tse holang butle li lenngoe ka pele, libakeng tse bonoang.
- Limela li lokela ho tšoana le majoe ka boholo. Ha baa lokela ho koahela majoe ka botlalo. Ho fetoloa ha jarete ea majoe ka limela ha ho amoheloe.
- Ka majoe a manyane, ho molemo ho lema mefuta ea sekoaelo sa mobu, ho tse kholo - 1 - 2 limela tse kholo kapa tse 'maloa.
- Sebaka se pakeng tsa limela nakong ea ho lema e ikemiselitsoe ho latela boholo ba tsona. E tlase hangata e lenngoe kamora 5 - 15 cm ho e mong, e phahameng - kamora 15-25-25 cm, ntle le haeba ho bonts'itsoe ka tsela e 'ngoe.
- Limela tse nang le sebopeho se fapaneng le mebala ea lipalesa, inflorescence, makhasi a lokela ho fetoloa.
- Etsa bonnete ba hore e latela litlhoko tsa tikoloho ea limela, u li jala ka mefuta e nepahetseng ea litulo!
Limela tse koahelehileng ka tlase pele li lema li arotsoe ka lihlopha ho latela 'mala le makhasi a makhasi, litlhoko tsa mobu le mongobo, tekanyo ea mabifi, ebe li ajoa ka ho lekana sebakeng se abetsoeng mofuta ona.
Bakeng sa ho qoba mefuta e mengata e sa hlokahaleng, ha ho hlokahale ho hasanya limela tsa mofuta o le mong ho pholletsa le rockery. Li lenngoe ka mebala e meholo ea mebala ea boholo bo hlokahalang le sebopeho. Re sebelisa limela tse nang le makhasi a silevera, a bohlooho kapa a bohlooho (li-Byzantine chives, tšoeu-dubrovnik Dubrovnik, cineraria ea leoatle, jj), re ka nolofatsa phetoho lipakeng tsa libaka tsa mmala.
Ho bohlokoa haholo ho koala karolo e kaholimo ea mobu kamora ho lema ka mulch ea liminerale. Mokhoa ona o thusa ho sireletsa rockery hore e se ke ea letsa mobu, e boloka mongobo oa eona, hape e na le phello e ntle ho li-microclimate tsa rockeries. Likhechana tse hahiloeng ka lejoe tse sithabetseng ho tloha ho 2 ho isa ho 16 mm ka boholo kapa lejoe le sithabetseng la pumice li loketse limela tse calcareous. 'Mala oa sekaka sa tšireletso o tlameha ho kopantsoe le' mala oa lejoe le khethiloeng.
Selao se loketseng sa tšireletso bakeng sa limela tsa mobu oa acidic ke lehlohlojane le nang le quartz. Botebo ba sekaka sa tšireletso bo latela hore na limela li hola kapele hakae. Limela tse nyane tse hahabang tse nyane li rata sekhahla se sirelletsang sa cm ho isa ho 2,5. Bakeng sa limela tse kholo, ho thehoa sekaka se sirelletsang se nang le boima ba cm 2 ho isa ho 4.
